Metaverse Security and Privacy Research: A Systematic Review

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Rahartomo, Argianto, Merino, Leonel, Ghafari, Mohammad
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Rahartomo, Argianto
Merino, Leonel
Ghafari, Mohammad
author_facet Rahartomo, Argianto
Merino, Leonel
Ghafari, Mohammad
contents The rapid growth of metaverse technologies, including virtual worlds, augmented reality, and lifelogging, has accelerated their adoption across diverse domains. This rise exposes users to significant new security and privacy challenges due to sociotechnical complexity, pervasive connectivity, and extensive user data collection in immersive environments. We present a systematic review of the literature published between 2013 and 2024, offering a comprehensive analysis of how the research community has addressed metaverse-related security and privacy issues over the past decade. We organize the studies by method, examined the security and privacy properties, immersive components, and evaluation strategies. Our investigation reveals a sharp increase in research activity in the last five years, a strong focus on practical and user-centered approaches, and a predominant use of benchmarking, human experimentation, and qualitative methods. Authentication and unobservability are the most frequently studied properties. However, critical gaps remain in areas such as policy compliance, accessibility, interoperability, and back-end infrastructure security. We emphasize the intertwined technical complexity and human factors of the metaverse and call for integrated, interdisciplinary approaches to securing inclusive and trustworthy immersive environments.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_14985
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Metaverse Security and Privacy Research: A Systematic Review
Rahartomo, Argianto
Merino, Leonel
Ghafari, Mohammad
Cryptography and Security
Emerging Technologies
Human-Computer Interaction
Software Engineering
The rapid growth of metaverse technologies, including virtual worlds, augmented reality, and lifelogging, has accelerated their adoption across diverse domains. This rise exposes users to significant new security and privacy challenges due to sociotechnical complexity, pervasive connectivity, and extensive user data collection in immersive environments. We present a systematic review of the literature published between 2013 and 2024, offering a comprehensive analysis of how the research community has addressed metaverse-related security and privacy issues over the past decade. We organize the studies by method, examined the security and privacy properties, immersive components, and evaluation strategies. Our investigation reveals a sharp increase in research activity in the last five years, a strong focus on practical and user-centered approaches, and a predominant use of benchmarking, human experimentation, and qualitative methods. Authentication and unobservability are the most frequently studied properties. However, critical gaps remain in areas such as policy compliance, accessibility, interoperability, and back-end infrastructure security. We emphasize the intertwined technical complexity and human factors of the metaverse and call for integrated, interdisciplinary approaches to securing inclusive and trustworthy immersive environments.
title Metaverse Security and Privacy Research: A Systematic Review
topic Cryptography and Security
Emerging Technologies
Human-Computer Interaction
Software Engineering
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.14985