Discovery of a transiting hot water-world candidate orbiting Ross 176 with TESS and CARMENES
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2025
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| author | Geraldía-González, S. Orell-Miquel, J. Pallé, E. Murgas, F. Lacedelli, G. Béjar, V. J. S. Caballero, J. A. Duque-Arribas, C. Lillo-Box, J. Montes, D. Morello, G. Nagel, E. Schweitzer, A. Tabernero, H. M. Calatayud-Borras, Y. Cifuentes, C. Fernández-Rodríguez, G. Fukui, A. de Leon, J. Lodieu, N. Luque, R. Mori, M. Narita, N. Parviainen, H. Poultourtzidis, E. Reiners, A. Ribas, I. Schlecker, M. Seager, S. Stassun, K. G. Trifonov, T. Vanaverbeke, S. Winn, J. N. |
| author_facet | Geraldía-González, S. Orell-Miquel, J. Pallé, E. Murgas, F. Lacedelli, G. Béjar, V. J. S. Caballero, J. A. Duque-Arribas, C. Lillo-Box, J. Montes, D. Morello, G. Nagel, E. Schweitzer, A. Tabernero, H. M. Calatayud-Borras, Y. Cifuentes, C. Fernández-Rodríguez, G. Fukui, A. de Leon, J. Lodieu, N. Luque, R. Mori, M. Narita, N. Parviainen, H. Poultourtzidis, E. Reiners, A. Ribas, I. Schlecker, M. Seager, S. Stassun, K. G. Trifonov, T. Vanaverbeke, S. Winn, J. N. |
| contents | The case of Ross 176 is a late K-type star that hosts a promising water-world candidate planet. The star has a radius of $R_*$=0.569$\pm$0.020$R_{\odot}$ and a mass of $M_{\star}$ = 0.577 $\pm$ 0.024 $M_{\odot}$. We constrained the planetary mass using spectroscopic data from CARMENES, an instrument that has already played a major role in confirming the planetary nature of the transit signal detected by TESS. We used Gaussian Processes (GP) to improve the analysis because the host star has a relatively strong activity that affects the radial velocity dataset. In addition, we applied a GP to the TESS light curves to reduce the correlated noise in the detrended dataset. The stellar activity indicators show a strong signal that is related to the stellar rotation period of $\sim$ 32 days. This stellar activity signal was also confirmed on the TESS light curves. Ross 176b is an inner hot transiting planet with a low-eccentricity orbit of $e = 0.25 \pm 0.04$, an orbital period of $P \sim 5$ days, and an equilibrium temperature of $T_{eq}\sim 682K$. With a radius of $R_p = 1.84\pm0.08R_{\oplus}$ (4% precision), a mass of $M_p = 4.57^{+0.89}_{-0.93} M_{\oplus}$ (20% precision), and a mean density of $ρ_p = 4.03^{+0.49}_{-0.81} g cm^{-3}$, the composition of Ross 176b might be consistent with a water-world scenario. Moreover, Ross 176b is a promising target for atmospheric characterization, which might lead to more information on the existence, formation and composition of water worlds. This detection increases the sample of planets orbiting K-type stars. This sample is valuable for investigating the valley of planets with small radii around this type of star. This study also shows that the dual detection of space- and ground-based telescopes is efficient for confirm new planets. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_15763 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Discovery of a transiting hot water-world candidate orbiting Ross 176 with TESS and CARMENES Geraldía-González, S. Orell-Miquel, J. Pallé, E. Murgas, F. Lacedelli, G. Béjar, V. J. S. Caballero, J. A. Duque-Arribas, C. Lillo-Box, J. Montes, D. Morello, G. Nagel, E. Schweitzer, A. Tabernero, H. M. Calatayud-Borras, Y. Cifuentes, C. Fernández-Rodríguez, G. Fukui, A. de Leon, J. Lodieu, N. Luque, R. Mori, M. Narita, N. Parviainen, H. Poultourtzidis, E. Reiners, A. Ribas, I. Schlecker, M. Seager, S. Stassun, K. G. Trifonov, T. Vanaverbeke, S. Winn, J. N. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics The case of Ross 176 is a late K-type star that hosts a promising water-world candidate planet. The star has a radius of $R_*$=0.569$\pm$0.020$R_{\odot}$ and a mass of $M_{\star}$ = 0.577 $\pm$ 0.024 $M_{\odot}$. We constrained the planetary mass using spectroscopic data from CARMENES, an instrument that has already played a major role in confirming the planetary nature of the transit signal detected by TESS. We used Gaussian Processes (GP) to improve the analysis because the host star has a relatively strong activity that affects the radial velocity dataset. In addition, we applied a GP to the TESS light curves to reduce the correlated noise in the detrended dataset. The stellar activity indicators show a strong signal that is related to the stellar rotation period of $\sim$ 32 days. This stellar activity signal was also confirmed on the TESS light curves. Ross 176b is an inner hot transiting planet with a low-eccentricity orbit of $e = 0.25 \pm 0.04$, an orbital period of $P \sim 5$ days, and an equilibrium temperature of $T_{eq}\sim 682K$. With a radius of $R_p = 1.84\pm0.08R_{\oplus}$ (4% precision), a mass of $M_p = 4.57^{+0.89}_{-0.93} M_{\oplus}$ (20% precision), and a mean density of $ρ_p = 4.03^{+0.49}_{-0.81} g cm^{-3}$, the composition of Ross 176b might be consistent with a water-world scenario. Moreover, Ross 176b is a promising target for atmospheric characterization, which might lead to more information on the existence, formation and composition of water worlds. This detection increases the sample of planets orbiting K-type stars. This sample is valuable for investigating the valley of planets with small radii around this type of star. This study also shows that the dual detection of space- and ground-based telescopes is efficient for confirm new planets. |
| title | Discovery of a transiting hot water-world candidate orbiting Ross 176 with TESS and CARMENES |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15763 |