Mass-gap description of heavy impurities in Fermi gases
Fuente:
arXiv
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| Autori principali: | , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| _version_ | 1866911256682692608 |
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| author | Chen, Xin Dizer, Eugen Rodríguez, Emilio Ramos Schmidt, Richard |
| author_facet | Chen, Xin Dizer, Eugen Rodríguez, Emilio Ramos Schmidt, Richard |
| contents | We present a unified theory that connects the quasiparticle picture of Fermi polarons for mobile impurities to the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe for static impurities. By operator reordering of the underlying many-body Hamiltonian, we obtain a modified fermionic dispersion relation that features a recoil-induced energy gap, which we call the `mass gap'. We show that the resulting mean-field Hamiltonian exhibits an in-gap state for finite impurity mass, which takes a key role in Fermi polaron and molecule formation. We identify the mass gap as the microscopic origin of the quasiparticle weight of Fermi polarons and derive a power-law scaling of the weight with the impurity-to-fermion mass ratio. The associated in-gap state is shown to give rise to the emergence of the polaron-to-molecule transition away from the limiting case of the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe in which the transition is absent. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_15957 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Mass-gap description of heavy impurities in Fermi gases Chen, Xin Dizer, Eugen Rodríguez, Emilio Ramos Schmidt, Richard Quantum Gases Strongly Correlated Electrons Mathematical Physics We present a unified theory that connects the quasiparticle picture of Fermi polarons for mobile impurities to the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe for static impurities. By operator reordering of the underlying many-body Hamiltonian, we obtain a modified fermionic dispersion relation that features a recoil-induced energy gap, which we call the `mass gap'. We show that the resulting mean-field Hamiltonian exhibits an in-gap state for finite impurity mass, which takes a key role in Fermi polaron and molecule formation. We identify the mass gap as the microscopic origin of the quasiparticle weight of Fermi polarons and derive a power-law scaling of the weight with the impurity-to-fermion mass ratio. The associated in-gap state is shown to give rise to the emergence of the polaron-to-molecule transition away from the limiting case of the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe in which the transition is absent. |
| title | Mass-gap description of heavy impurities in Fermi gases |
| topic | Quantum Gases Strongly Correlated Electrons Mathematical Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.15957 |