_version_ 1866912730172096512
author Hong, Xiaoyu
Wu, Weiren
Liu, Qinghui
Yu, Dengyun
Wang, Chi
Shuai, Tao
Zhong, Weiye
Zhu, Renjie
Xie, Yonghui
Zhang, Lihua
Xiong, Liang
Tang, Yuhua
Zou, Yongliao
Li, Haitao
Wang, Guangli
Xie, Jianfeng
Xue, Changbin
Geng, Hao
Zhang, Juan
Wu, Xiaojing
Huang, Yong
Zheng, Weimin
Liu, Lei
Wu, Fang
Zhang, Xiuzhong
An, Tao
Yang, Xiaolong
Tong, Fengxian
Gurvits, Leonid I.
Zheng, Yong
Gu, Minfeng
Ma, Xiaofei
Li, Liang
Li, Peijia
Zhao, Shanshan
Rui, Ping
Chen, Luojing
Chen, Guohui
Li, Ke
Zhang, Chao
Liu, Yuanqi
Jiang, Yongchen
Wang, Jinqing
Wang, Wenbin
Sun, Yan
Hao, Longfei
Cui, Lang
Jiang, Dongrong
Qian, Zhihan
Ye, Shuhua
author_facet Hong, Xiaoyu
Wu, Weiren
Liu, Qinghui
Yu, Dengyun
Wang, Chi
Shuai, Tao
Zhong, Weiye
Zhu, Renjie
Xie, Yonghui
Zhang, Lihua
Xiong, Liang
Tang, Yuhua
Zou, Yongliao
Li, Haitao
Wang, Guangli
Xie, Jianfeng
Xue, Changbin
Geng, Hao
Zhang, Juan
Wu, Xiaojing
Huang, Yong
Zheng, Weimin
Liu, Lei
Wu, Fang
Zhang, Xiuzhong
An, Tao
Yang, Xiaolong
Tong, Fengxian
Gurvits, Leonid I.
Zheng, Yong
Gu, Minfeng
Ma, Xiaofei
Li, Liang
Li, Peijia
Zhao, Shanshan
Rui, Ping
Chen, Luojing
Chen, Guohui
Li, Ke
Zhang, Chao
Liu, Yuanqi
Jiang, Yongchen
Wang, Jinqing
Wang, Wenbin
Sun, Yan
Hao, Longfei
Cui, Lang
Jiang, Dongrong
Qian, Zhihan
Ye, Shuhua
contents The Lunar Orbital VLBI Experiment (LOVEX) is a scientific component of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Project (CLEP) Chang'E-7. The spaceborne component of LOVEX is implemented onboard the relay satellite QueQiao-2, which was launched on 2024 March 20, and later placed into an elliptical selenocentric orbit. The LOVEX-specific payload consists of an X-band cryogenic receiver, a hydrogen maser frequency standard, and VLBI data formatting and acquisition electronics. Several components of the QueQiao-2 nominal onboard instrumentation, such as the 4.2-meter antenna, the data storage device, and the downlink communication system, contribute to the overall spaceborne VLBI instrumentation. This allows us to form a space radio telescope capable of co-observing with Earth-based radio telescopes in VLBI mode. In this space VLBI system, the length of the baseline extends up to approximately 380,000 km. This paper presents the LOVEX scientific objectives, architecture, instrumentation, pre-launch tests, in-flight verification and calibration, and the first in-flight detections of interferometric response (''fringes'') achieved through observations of the quasar AO 0235+164 and the Chang'E-6 orbital module, positioned at the Sun-Earth Lagrange point L2. These initial results demonstrate the successful performance of LOVEX, verifying its capability for both astronomical and spacecraft tracking observations at ultra-long VLBI baselines.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_16317
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Lunar Orbital VLBI Experiment: motivation, scientific purposes and status
Hong, Xiaoyu
Wu, Weiren
Liu, Qinghui
Yu, Dengyun
Wang, Chi
Shuai, Tao
Zhong, Weiye
Zhu, Renjie
Xie, Yonghui
Zhang, Lihua
Xiong, Liang
Tang, Yuhua
Zou, Yongliao
Li, Haitao
Wang, Guangli
Xie, Jianfeng
Xue, Changbin
Geng, Hao
Zhang, Juan
Wu, Xiaojing
Huang, Yong
Zheng, Weimin
Liu, Lei
Wu, Fang
Zhang, Xiuzhong
An, Tao
Yang, Xiaolong
Tong, Fengxian
Gurvits, Leonid I.
Zheng, Yong
Gu, Minfeng
Ma, Xiaofei
Li, Liang
Li, Peijia
Zhao, Shanshan
Rui, Ping
Chen, Luojing
Chen, Guohui
Li, Ke
Zhang, Chao
Liu, Yuanqi
Jiang, Yongchen
Wang, Jinqing
Wang, Wenbin
Sun, Yan
Hao, Longfei
Cui, Lang
Jiang, Dongrong
Qian, Zhihan
Ye, Shuhua
Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
The Lunar Orbital VLBI Experiment (LOVEX) is a scientific component of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Project (CLEP) Chang'E-7. The spaceborne component of LOVEX is implemented onboard the relay satellite QueQiao-2, which was launched on 2024 March 20, and later placed into an elliptical selenocentric orbit. The LOVEX-specific payload consists of an X-band cryogenic receiver, a hydrogen maser frequency standard, and VLBI data formatting and acquisition electronics. Several components of the QueQiao-2 nominal onboard instrumentation, such as the 4.2-meter antenna, the data storage device, and the downlink communication system, contribute to the overall spaceborne VLBI instrumentation. This allows us to form a space radio telescope capable of co-observing with Earth-based radio telescopes in VLBI mode. In this space VLBI system, the length of the baseline extends up to approximately 380,000 km. This paper presents the LOVEX scientific objectives, architecture, instrumentation, pre-launch tests, in-flight verification and calibration, and the first in-flight detections of interferometric response (''fringes'') achieved through observations of the quasar AO 0235+164 and the Chang'E-6 orbital module, positioned at the Sun-Earth Lagrange point L2. These initial results demonstrate the successful performance of LOVEX, verifying its capability for both astronomical and spacecraft tracking observations at ultra-long VLBI baselines.
title Lunar Orbital VLBI Experiment: motivation, scientific purposes and status
topic Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.16317