SoK: Securing the Final Frontier for Cybersecurity in Space-Based Infrastructure

Fuente: arXiv
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Auteurs principaux: Anjum, Nafisa, Farheen, Tasnuva
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
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author Anjum, Nafisa
Farheen, Tasnuva
author_facet Anjum, Nafisa
Farheen, Tasnuva
contents With the advent of modern technology, critical infrastructure, communications, and national security depend increasingly on space-based assets. These assets, along with associated assets like data relay systems and ground stations, are, therefore, in serious danger of cyberattacks. Strong security defenses are essential to ensure data integrity, maintain secure operations, and protect assets in space and on the ground against various threats. Previous research has found discrete vulnerabilities in space systems and suggested specific solutions to address them. Such research has yielded valuable insights, but lacks a thorough examination of space cyberattack vectors and a rigorous assessment of the efficacy of mitigation techniques. This study tackles this issue by taking a comprehensive approach to analyze the range of possible space cyber-attack vectors, which include ground, space, satellite, and satellite constellations. In order to address the particular threats, the study also assesses the efficacy of mitigation measures that are linked with space infrastructures and proposes a Risk Scoring Framework. Based on the analysis, this paper identifies potential research challenges for developing and testing cutting-edge technology solutions, encouraging robust cybersecurity measures needed in space.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_17064
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle SoK: Securing the Final Frontier for Cybersecurity in Space-Based Infrastructure
Anjum, Nafisa
Farheen, Tasnuva
Cryptography and Security
Networking and Internet Architecture
With the advent of modern technology, critical infrastructure, communications, and national security depend increasingly on space-based assets. These assets, along with associated assets like data relay systems and ground stations, are, therefore, in serious danger of cyberattacks. Strong security defenses are essential to ensure data integrity, maintain secure operations, and protect assets in space and on the ground against various threats. Previous research has found discrete vulnerabilities in space systems and suggested specific solutions to address them. Such research has yielded valuable insights, but lacks a thorough examination of space cyberattack vectors and a rigorous assessment of the efficacy of mitigation techniques. This study tackles this issue by taking a comprehensive approach to analyze the range of possible space cyber-attack vectors, which include ground, space, satellite, and satellite constellations. In order to address the particular threats, the study also assesses the efficacy of mitigation measures that are linked with space infrastructures and proposes a Risk Scoring Framework. Based on the analysis, this paper identifies potential research challenges for developing and testing cutting-edge technology solutions, encouraging robust cybersecurity measures needed in space.
title SoK: Securing the Final Frontier for Cybersecurity in Space-Based Infrastructure
topic Cryptography and Security
Networking and Internet Architecture
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17064