The $10~\rm{kpc}$ collar of early-type galaxies -- probing evolution by focusing on the inner stellar density profile

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Liu, Rongfu, Sonnenfeld, Alessandro, Nipoti, Carlo, Li, Rui
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866915497682927616
author Liu, Rongfu
Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
Nipoti, Carlo
Li, Rui
author_facet Liu, Rongfu
Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
Nipoti, Carlo
Li, Rui
contents Aims: In this work we aim to investigate the late evolution of ETGs, both observationally and theoretically, by focusing on the stellar mass density profile inside a fixed aperture, within $10 ~\rm{kpc}$ from the galaxy center. Methods: We first studied the stellar mass and mass-weighted density slope within $10 ~\rm{kpc}$, respectively $M_{*,10}$ and $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}}$, of a sample of early-type galaxies from the GAMA survey. We measured the $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}} - M_{*,10}$ relation and its evolution over the redshift range $0.17\leq z \leq 0.37$. We then built a toy model for the merger evolution of galaxies, based on N-body simulations, to explore to what extent the observed growth in $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}} - M_{*,10}$ relation is consistent with a dry-merger evolution scenario. Results: From the observations, we do not detect evidence for an evolution of the $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}} - M_{*,10}$ relation. We put an upper limit on the redshift derivative of the normalization$~(μ)$ and slope$~(β)$of the $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}} - M_{*,10}$ relation $|\partial μ/\partial \log (1+z)| \leq 0.13$ and $\left|\partial β/\partial \log (1+z)\right| \leq 1.10$, respectively. Simulations show that most mergers induce a decrease in $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}}$ and an increase in $M_{*,10}$, although some show a decrease in $M_{*,10}$, particularly for the most extended galaxies and smaller merger mass ratios. By combining the observations with our merger toy model, we placed an upper limit on $f_M = 11.2 \%$ in the redshift range $0.17 \leq z \leq 0.37$. Conclusions: While our measurement is limited by systematics, the application of our approach to samples with a larger redshift baseline, particularly with a time interval $Δt \geq 3.2~\mathrm{Gyr}$, should enable us to detect a signal and help us better understand the late growth of ETGs.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_17413
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The $10~\rm{kpc}$ collar of early-type galaxies -- probing evolution by focusing on the inner stellar density profile
Liu, Rongfu
Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
Nipoti, Carlo
Li, Rui
Astrophysics of Galaxies
Aims: In this work we aim to investigate the late evolution of ETGs, both observationally and theoretically, by focusing on the stellar mass density profile inside a fixed aperture, within $10 ~\rm{kpc}$ from the galaxy center. Methods: We first studied the stellar mass and mass-weighted density slope within $10 ~\rm{kpc}$, respectively $M_{*,10}$ and $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}}$, of a sample of early-type galaxies from the GAMA survey. We measured the $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}} - M_{*,10}$ relation and its evolution over the redshift range $0.17\leq z \leq 0.37$. We then built a toy model for the merger evolution of galaxies, based on N-body simulations, to explore to what extent the observed growth in $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}} - M_{*,10}$ relation is consistent with a dry-merger evolution scenario. Results: From the observations, we do not detect evidence for an evolution of the $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}} - M_{*,10}$ relation. We put an upper limit on the redshift derivative of the normalization$~(μ)$ and slope$~(β)$of the $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}} - M_{*,10}$ relation $|\partial μ/\partial \log (1+z)| \leq 0.13$ and $\left|\partial β/\partial \log (1+z)\right| \leq 1.10$, respectively. Simulations show that most mergers induce a decrease in $\mathit{Γ_{*,10}}$ and an increase in $M_{*,10}$, although some show a decrease in $M_{*,10}$, particularly for the most extended galaxies and smaller merger mass ratios. By combining the observations with our merger toy model, we placed an upper limit on $f_M = 11.2 \%$ in the redshift range $0.17 \leq z \leq 0.37$. Conclusions: While our measurement is limited by systematics, the application of our approach to samples with a larger redshift baseline, particularly with a time interval $Δt \geq 3.2~\mathrm{Gyr}$, should enable us to detect a signal and help us better understand the late growth of ETGs.
title The $10~\rm{kpc}$ collar of early-type galaxies -- probing evolution by focusing on the inner stellar density profile
topic Astrophysics of Galaxies
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17413