Multiple Populations of Same Sterile Neutrino as Dark Matter
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915407484420096 |
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| author | Chen, Muping Gelmini, Graciela B. Lu, Philip Takhistov, Volodymyr |
| author_facet | Chen, Muping Gelmini, Graciela B. Lu, Philip Takhistov, Volodymyr |
| contents | Sterile neutrinos produced in the early Universe that mix with active neutrinos of the Standard Model are typically considered to consist of a single population resulting from one dominant production mechanism. We show that the same sterile neutrino species can naturally emerge with multiple population components, yielding a multi-modal relic momentum spectrum. We consider this with four distinct production scenarios: active-sterile non-resonant oscillations following resonant oscillations in the presence of a primordial lepton asymmetry, gravitational production through sterile neutrinogenesis from populations of evaporating primordial black holes, and heavy singlet Higgs or inflaton decays combined with non-resonant active-sterile oscillations or neutrinogenesis. We identify sterile neutrino mass ranges where a colder and a hotter population can be present with similar contributions and can also contribute non-negligibly to the dark matter relic abundance. We discuss some potential consequences of such a multi-population framework. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_17830 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Multiple Populations of Same Sterile Neutrino as Dark Matter Chen, Muping Gelmini, Graciela B. Lu, Philip Takhistov, Volodymyr High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics Sterile neutrinos produced in the early Universe that mix with active neutrinos of the Standard Model are typically considered to consist of a single population resulting from one dominant production mechanism. We show that the same sterile neutrino species can naturally emerge with multiple population components, yielding a multi-modal relic momentum spectrum. We consider this with four distinct production scenarios: active-sterile non-resonant oscillations following resonant oscillations in the presence of a primordial lepton asymmetry, gravitational production through sterile neutrinogenesis from populations of evaporating primordial black holes, and heavy singlet Higgs or inflaton decays combined with non-resonant active-sterile oscillations or neutrinogenesis. We identify sterile neutrino mass ranges where a colder and a hotter population can be present with similar contributions and can also contribute non-negligibly to the dark matter relic abundance. We discuss some potential consequences of such a multi-population framework. |
| title | Multiple Populations of Same Sterile Neutrino as Dark Matter |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.17830 |