Black-box optimization using factorization and Ising machines

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Tamura, Ryo, Seki, Yuya, Minamoto, Yuki, Kitai, Koki, Matsuda, Yoshiki, Tanaka, Shu, Tsuda, Koji
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Tamura, Ryo
Seki, Yuya
Minamoto, Yuki
Kitai, Koki
Matsuda, Yoshiki
Tanaka, Shu
Tsuda, Koji
author_facet Tamura, Ryo
Seki, Yuya
Minamoto, Yuki
Kitai, Koki
Matsuda, Yoshiki
Tanaka, Shu
Tsuda, Koji
contents Black-box optimization (BBO) is used in materials design, drug discovery, and hyperparameter tuning in machine learning. The world is experiencing several of these problems. In this review, a factorization machine with quantum annealing or with quadratic-optimization annealing (FMQA) algorithm to realize fast computations of BBO using Ising machines (IMs) is discussed. The FMQA algorithm uses a factorization machine (FM) as a surrogate model for BBO. The FM model can be directly transformed into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization model that can be solved using IMs. This makes it possible to optimize the acquisition function in BBO, which is a difficult task using conventional methods without IMs. Consequently, it has the advantage of handling large BBO problems. To be able to perform BBO with the FMQA algorithm immediately, we introduce the FMQA algorithm along with Python packages to run it. In addition, we review examples of applications of the FMQA algorithm in various fields, including physics, chemistry, materials science, and social sciences. These successful examples include binary and integer optimization problems, as well as more general optimization problems involving graphs, networks, and strings, using a binary variational autoencoder. We believe that BBO using the FMQA algorithm will become a key technology in IMs including quantum annealers.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_18003
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Black-box optimization using factorization and Ising machines
Tamura, Ryo
Seki, Yuya
Minamoto, Yuki
Kitai, Koki
Matsuda, Yoshiki
Tanaka, Shu
Tsuda, Koji
Statistical Mechanics
Quantum Physics
Black-box optimization (BBO) is used in materials design, drug discovery, and hyperparameter tuning in machine learning. The world is experiencing several of these problems. In this review, a factorization machine with quantum annealing or with quadratic-optimization annealing (FMQA) algorithm to realize fast computations of BBO using Ising machines (IMs) is discussed. The FMQA algorithm uses a factorization machine (FM) as a surrogate model for BBO. The FM model can be directly transformed into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization model that can be solved using IMs. This makes it possible to optimize the acquisition function in BBO, which is a difficult task using conventional methods without IMs. Consequently, it has the advantage of handling large BBO problems. To be able to perform BBO with the FMQA algorithm immediately, we introduce the FMQA algorithm along with Python packages to run it. In addition, we review examples of applications of the FMQA algorithm in various fields, including physics, chemistry, materials science, and social sciences. These successful examples include binary and integer optimization problems, as well as more general optimization problems involving graphs, networks, and strings, using a binary variational autoencoder. We believe that BBO using the FMQA algorithm will become a key technology in IMs including quantum annealers.
title Black-box optimization using factorization and Ising machines
topic Statistical Mechanics
Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.18003