The GAPS Programme at TNG. LXIX.The Dayside of WASP-76b revealed by GIANO-B, HARPS-N and ESPRESSO: Evidence for Three-Dimensional Atmospheric Effects
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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Guilluy, G. Giacobbe, P. Brogi, M. Borsa, F. Wardenier, J. P. Amadori, F. Cubillos, P. E. Basilicata, M. Bonomo, A. S. Sozzetti, A. Carleo, I. Silva, T. Azevedo Bignamini, A. Damasso, M. Di Maio, C. Ghedina, A. Lodi, M. Mancini, L. Manni, F. Micela, G. Nascimbeni, V. Nardiello, D. Pino, L. Rainer, M. Scandariato, G. |
| author_facet | Guilluy, G. Giacobbe, P. Brogi, M. Borsa, F. Wardenier, J. P. Amadori, F. Cubillos, P. E. Basilicata, M. Bonomo, A. S. Sozzetti, A. Carleo, I. Silva, T. Azevedo Bignamini, A. Damasso, M. Di Maio, C. Ghedina, A. Lodi, M. Mancini, L. Manni, F. Micela, G. Nascimbeni, V. Nardiello, D. Pino, L. Rainer, M. Scandariato, G. |
| contents | The study of the atmosphere of ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) with equilibrium temperature $\geq$2000 K provides valuable insights into atmospheric physics under such extreme conditions. We aim to characterise the dayside thermal spectrum of the UHJ WASP-76b and investigate its properties. We analysed data gathered with three high-resolution spectrographs, specifically two nights with simultaneous observations of HARPS-N and GIANO-B, and four nights of publicly available ESPRESSO optical spectra. We observed the planet's dayside covering orbital phases between quadratures (0.25 < $ϕ$ < 0.75). We performed a homogeneous analysis of the GIANO-B, HARPS-N and ESPRESSO data and co-added the signal of thousands of planetary lines through cross-correlation with simulated spectra of the planetary atmosphere. We report the detection of CO in the dayside atmosphere of WASP-76b with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 10.4 in the GIANO-B spectra. In addition, we detect Fe I in both the HARPS-N and ESPRESSO datasets, with S/N of 3.5 and 6.2, respectively. A signal from Fe I is also identified in one of the two GIANO-B observations, with a S/N of 4.0. Interestingly, a qualitatively similar pattern - with a weaker detection in one epoch compared to the other - is also observed in the two HARPS-N nights. The GIANO-B results are therefore consistent with those obtained with HARPS-N. Finally, we compared our strongest detections of CO (GIANO-B) and Fe I (ESPRESSO), with predictions from Global Circulation Models (GCMs). Both cross-correlation and likelihood analyses favour the GCM that includes atmospheric dynamics over a static (no-dynamics) model when applied to the ESPRESSO data. This study adds to the growing body of literature employing GCMs to interpret high-resolution spectroscopic measurements of exoplanet atmospheres. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_19299 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The GAPS Programme at TNG. LXIX.The Dayside of WASP-76b revealed by GIANO-B, HARPS-N and ESPRESSO: Evidence for Three-Dimensional Atmospheric Effects Guilluy, G. Giacobbe, P. Brogi, M. Borsa, F. Wardenier, J. P. Amadori, F. Cubillos, P. E. Basilicata, M. Bonomo, A. S. Sozzetti, A. Carleo, I. Silva, T. Azevedo Bignamini, A. Damasso, M. Di Maio, C. Ghedina, A. Lodi, M. Mancini, L. Manni, F. Micela, G. Nascimbeni, V. Nardiello, D. Pino, L. Rainer, M. Scandariato, G. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics The study of the atmosphere of ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) with equilibrium temperature $\geq$2000 K provides valuable insights into atmospheric physics under such extreme conditions. We aim to characterise the dayside thermal spectrum of the UHJ WASP-76b and investigate its properties. We analysed data gathered with three high-resolution spectrographs, specifically two nights with simultaneous observations of HARPS-N and GIANO-B, and four nights of publicly available ESPRESSO optical spectra. We observed the planet's dayside covering orbital phases between quadratures (0.25 < $ϕ$ < 0.75). We performed a homogeneous analysis of the GIANO-B, HARPS-N and ESPRESSO data and co-added the signal of thousands of planetary lines through cross-correlation with simulated spectra of the planetary atmosphere. We report the detection of CO in the dayside atmosphere of WASP-76b with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of 10.4 in the GIANO-B spectra. In addition, we detect Fe I in both the HARPS-N and ESPRESSO datasets, with S/N of 3.5 and 6.2, respectively. A signal from Fe I is also identified in one of the two GIANO-B observations, with a S/N of 4.0. Interestingly, a qualitatively similar pattern - with a weaker detection in one epoch compared to the other - is also observed in the two HARPS-N nights. The GIANO-B results are therefore consistent with those obtained with HARPS-N. Finally, we compared our strongest detections of CO (GIANO-B) and Fe I (ESPRESSO), with predictions from Global Circulation Models (GCMs). Both cross-correlation and likelihood analyses favour the GCM that includes atmospheric dynamics over a static (no-dynamics) model when applied to the ESPRESSO data. This study adds to the growing body of literature employing GCMs to interpret high-resolution spectroscopic measurements of exoplanet atmospheres. |
| title | The GAPS Programme at TNG. LXIX.The Dayside of WASP-76b revealed by GIANO-B, HARPS-N and ESPRESSO: Evidence for Three-Dimensional Atmospheric Effects |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.19299 |