Quantum Imaging of Ferromagnetic van der Waals Magnetic Domain Structures at Ambient Conditions
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arXiv
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912694860251136 |
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| author | Bindu Singh, Amandeep Hen, Amir Cavar, Lukas Drago Schultheis, Sebastian Maria Ulrich Yochelis, Shira Paltiel, Yossi May, Andrew F. Wittmann, Angela Klaui, Mathias Budker, Dmitry Steinberg, Hadar Bar-Gill, Nir |
| author_facet | Bindu Singh, Amandeep Hen, Amir Cavar, Lukas Drago Schultheis, Sebastian Maria Ulrich Yochelis, Shira Paltiel, Yossi May, Andrew F. Wittmann, Angela Klaui, Mathias Budker, Dmitry Steinberg, Hadar Bar-Gill, Nir |
| contents | Recently discovered 2D van der Waals magnetic materials, and specifically Iron-Germanium-Telluride ($\rm Fe_{5}GeTe_{2}$), have attracted significant attention both from a fundamental perspective and for potential applications. Key open questions concern their domain structure and magnetic phase transition temperature as a function of sample thickness and external field, as well as implications for integration into devices such as magnetic memories and logic. Here we address key questions using a nitrogen-vacancy center based quantum magnetic microscope, enabling direct imaging of the magnetization of $\rm Fe_{5}GeTe_{2}$ at sub-micron spatial resolution as a function of temperature, magnetic field, and thickness. We employ spatially resolved measures, including magnetization variance and cross-correlation, and find a significant spread in transition temperature yet with no clear dependence on thickness down to 15 nm. We also identify previously unknown stripe features in the optical as well as magnetic images, which we attribute to modulations of the constituting elements during crystal synthesis and subsequent oxidation. Our results suggest that the magnetic anisotropy in this material does not play a crucial role in their magnetic properties, leading to a magnetic phase transition of $\rm Fe_{5}GeTe_{2}$ which is largely thickness-independent down to 15 nm. Our findings could be significant in designing future spintronic devices, magnetic memories and logic with 2D van der Waals magnetic materials. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_20245 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Quantum Imaging of Ferromagnetic van der Waals Magnetic Domain Structures at Ambient Conditions Bindu Singh, Amandeep Hen, Amir Cavar, Lukas Drago Schultheis, Sebastian Maria Ulrich Yochelis, Shira Paltiel, Yossi May, Andrew F. Wittmann, Angela Klaui, Mathias Budker, Dmitry Steinberg, Hadar Bar-Gill, Nir Materials Science Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Quantum Physics Recently discovered 2D van der Waals magnetic materials, and specifically Iron-Germanium-Telluride ($\rm Fe_{5}GeTe_{2}$), have attracted significant attention both from a fundamental perspective and for potential applications. Key open questions concern their domain structure and magnetic phase transition temperature as a function of sample thickness and external field, as well as implications for integration into devices such as magnetic memories and logic. Here we address key questions using a nitrogen-vacancy center based quantum magnetic microscope, enabling direct imaging of the magnetization of $\rm Fe_{5}GeTe_{2}$ at sub-micron spatial resolution as a function of temperature, magnetic field, and thickness. We employ spatially resolved measures, including magnetization variance and cross-correlation, and find a significant spread in transition temperature yet with no clear dependence on thickness down to 15 nm. We also identify previously unknown stripe features in the optical as well as magnetic images, which we attribute to modulations of the constituting elements during crystal synthesis and subsequent oxidation. Our results suggest that the magnetic anisotropy in this material does not play a crucial role in their magnetic properties, leading to a magnetic phase transition of $\rm Fe_{5}GeTe_{2}$ which is largely thickness-independent down to 15 nm. Our findings could be significant in designing future spintronic devices, magnetic memories and logic with 2D van der Waals magnetic materials. |
| title | Quantum Imaging of Ferromagnetic van der Waals Magnetic Domain Structures at Ambient Conditions |
| topic | Materials Science Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20245 |