Probing the axion-electron coupling at cavity experiments
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866912505522028544 |
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| author | Hong, Deog Ki Im, Sang Hui Kim, Jinsu Kim, TaeHun Youn, SungWoo |
| author_facet | Hong, Deog Ki Im, Sang Hui Kim, Jinsu Kim, TaeHun Youn, SungWoo |
| contents | Axion dark matter induces electromagnetic radiation in conductors through nearly perpetual oscillations of electrons, driven by axion-electron interactions through the so-called chiral magnetic effect. It therefore provides a complementary probe of the axion-electron coupling $g_{ae}$ beyond the conventional axion-photon coupling $g_{a γ}$ in cavities. We show that existing axion cavity experiments can constrain the coupling to $g_{ae}\lesssim 10^{-5}$ over the scanned axion mass ranges, $1\,μ\, {\rm eV}\lesssim m_a\lesssim 20\,μ\,{\rm eV}$. Although we find that the radiation due to $g_{ae}$ at the copper cavity surface of electric conductivity $σ$ is suppressed by $m_a^2/σ^2\sim 10^{-20}$, compared to the radiation inside the cavity by the axion-photon conversion due to $g_{aγ}$, a sensitivity of about $10^{-9}$ could be achieved for $g_{ae}$ over a wider range of $m_a$, including values higher than those previously probed, if copper walls are replaced with carbon-based conductors. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_20830 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Probing the axion-electron coupling at cavity experiments Hong, Deog Ki Im, Sang Hui Kim, Jinsu Kim, TaeHun Youn, SungWoo High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment Axion dark matter induces electromagnetic radiation in conductors through nearly perpetual oscillations of electrons, driven by axion-electron interactions through the so-called chiral magnetic effect. It therefore provides a complementary probe of the axion-electron coupling $g_{ae}$ beyond the conventional axion-photon coupling $g_{a γ}$ in cavities. We show that existing axion cavity experiments can constrain the coupling to $g_{ae}\lesssim 10^{-5}$ over the scanned axion mass ranges, $1\,μ\, {\rm eV}\lesssim m_a\lesssim 20\,μ\,{\rm eV}$. Although we find that the radiation due to $g_{ae}$ at the copper cavity surface of electric conductivity $σ$ is suppressed by $m_a^2/σ^2\sim 10^{-20}$, compared to the radiation inside the cavity by the axion-photon conversion due to $g_{aγ}$, a sensitivity of about $10^{-9}$ could be achieved for $g_{ae}$ over a wider range of $m_a$, including values higher than those previously probed, if copper walls are replaced with carbon-based conductors. |
| title | Probing the axion-electron coupling at cavity experiments |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology High Energy Physics - Experiment |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.20830 |