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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21290 |
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| _version_ | 1866911081483468800 |
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| author | Mercier, Samson J. Dumusque, Xavier Bourrier, Vincent Moulla, Khaled Al Cretignier, Michael Dethier, William Curto, Gaspare Lo Figueira, Pedro Lovis, Christophe Pepe, Francesco Santos, Nuno C. Udry, Stéphane Wildi, François Allart, Romain Baron, Frédérique Bouchy, François Carmona, Andres Cointepas, Marion Doyon, René Frensch, Yolanda Grieves, Nolan Mignon, Lucile Nielsen, Louise D. |
| author_facet | Mercier, Samson J. Dumusque, Xavier Bourrier, Vincent Moulla, Khaled Al Cretignier, Michael Dethier, William Curto, Gaspare Lo Figueira, Pedro Lovis, Christophe Pepe, Francesco Santos, Nuno C. Udry, Stéphane Wildi, François Allart, Romain Baron, Frédérique Bouchy, François Carmona, Andres Cointepas, Marion Doyon, René Frensch, Yolanda Grieves, Nolan Mignon, Lucile Nielsen, Louise D. |
| contents | With more than a dozen significant detections, the helium triplet has emerged as a key tracer of evaporating exoplanet atmospheres. This near-infrared feature can be observed from the ground and holds great promise, especially with upcoming observations provided by new-generation instruments such as the Near Infrared Planet Searcher (NIRPS). However, as the helium triplet is also present in stellar spectra, careful removal of the average stellar contribution is necessary to accurately characterize the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets. In this study, we analyze multi-epoch observations of the Sun obtained with NIRPS to investigate the temporal variability of the helium triplet. Our findings reveal significant variability across different timescales, ranging from minutes to days. We identify telluric contamination and stellar activity as likely sources for the short-term and long-term variability, respectively. Importantly, we demonstrate that this variability has minimal impact on the retrieval of planetary parameters crucial to the study of atmospheric escape. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_21290 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Studying the variability of the He triplet to understand the detection limits of evaporating exoplanet atmospheres Mercier, Samson J. Dumusque, Xavier Bourrier, Vincent Moulla, Khaled Al Cretignier, Michael Dethier, William Curto, Gaspare Lo Figueira, Pedro Lovis, Christophe Pepe, Francesco Santos, Nuno C. Udry, Stéphane Wildi, François Allart, Romain Baron, Frédérique Bouchy, François Carmona, Andres Cointepas, Marion Doyon, René Frensch, Yolanda Grieves, Nolan Mignon, Lucile Nielsen, Louise D. Earth and Planetary Astrophysics With more than a dozen significant detections, the helium triplet has emerged as a key tracer of evaporating exoplanet atmospheres. This near-infrared feature can be observed from the ground and holds great promise, especially with upcoming observations provided by new-generation instruments such as the Near Infrared Planet Searcher (NIRPS). However, as the helium triplet is also present in stellar spectra, careful removal of the average stellar contribution is necessary to accurately characterize the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets. In this study, we analyze multi-epoch observations of the Sun obtained with NIRPS to investigate the temporal variability of the helium triplet. Our findings reveal significant variability across different timescales, ranging from minutes to days. We identify telluric contamination and stellar activity as likely sources for the short-term and long-term variability, respectively. Importantly, we demonstrate that this variability has minimal impact on the retrieval of planetary parameters crucial to the study of atmospheric escape. |
| title | Studying the variability of the He triplet to understand the detection limits of evaporating exoplanet atmospheres |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21290 |