QED calculations of the $2p$-$2s$ transition energies in Li-like ions
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Yerokhin, V. A. Harman, Z. Keitel, C. H. |
| author_facet | Yerokhin, V. A. Harman, Z. Keitel, C. H. |
| contents | Systematic QED calculations of ionization energies of the $2s$, $2p_{1/2}$, and $2p_{3/2}$ states, as well as the $2p_{1/2}$--$2s$ and $2p_{3/2}$--$2p_{1/2}$ transition energies are performed for Li-like ions with the nuclear charge numbers $Z = 10$--$100$. The convergence of QED perturbative expansion is improved by using the extended Furry picture, which starts from the Dirac equation with a local screening potential. An ab initio treatment is accomplished for one- and two-photon electron-structure QED effects and the one-photon screening of the self-energy and vacuum-polarization corrections. This is complemented with an approximate treatment of the two-photon QED screening and higher-order (three or more photon) electron-structure effects. As a result, the obtained theoretical predictions improve upon the accuracy achieved in previous calculations. Comparison with available experimental data shows a good agreement between theory and experiment. In most cases, the theoretical values surpass the experimental results in precision, with only a few exceptions. In the case of uranium and bismuth, the comparison provides one of the most stringent tests of bound-state QED in the strong-field regime. Alternatively, the obtained results can be employed for high-precision determinations of nuclear charge radii. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_21718 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | QED calculations of the $2p$-$2s$ transition energies in Li-like ions Yerokhin, V. A. Harman, Z. Keitel, C. H. Atomic Physics Systematic QED calculations of ionization energies of the $2s$, $2p_{1/2}$, and $2p_{3/2}$ states, as well as the $2p_{1/2}$--$2s$ and $2p_{3/2}$--$2p_{1/2}$ transition energies are performed for Li-like ions with the nuclear charge numbers $Z = 10$--$100$. The convergence of QED perturbative expansion is improved by using the extended Furry picture, which starts from the Dirac equation with a local screening potential. An ab initio treatment is accomplished for one- and two-photon electron-structure QED effects and the one-photon screening of the self-energy and vacuum-polarization corrections. This is complemented with an approximate treatment of the two-photon QED screening and higher-order (three or more photon) electron-structure effects. As a result, the obtained theoretical predictions improve upon the accuracy achieved in previous calculations. Comparison with available experimental data shows a good agreement between theory and experiment. In most cases, the theoretical values surpass the experimental results in precision, with only a few exceptions. In the case of uranium and bismuth, the comparison provides one of the most stringent tests of bound-state QED in the strong-field regime. Alternatively, the obtained results can be employed for high-precision determinations of nuclear charge radii. |
| title | QED calculations of the $2p$-$2s$ transition energies in Li-like ions |
| topic | Atomic Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21718 |