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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21766 |
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| _version_ | 1866910013695459328 |
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| author | Kuklov, Anatoly Radzihovsky, Leo Svistunov, Boris |
| author_facet | Kuklov, Anatoly Radzihovsky, Leo Svistunov, Boris |
| contents | We introduce a class of dynamical field theories for $N$-component "Borromean" ($N\geq 3$) super-counterfluid order, naturally formulated in terms of inter-species bosonic fields $ψ_{αβ}$. Their condensation breaks the normal-state [U(1)]$^N$ symmetry down to its diagonal U(1) subgroup, thereby encoding the arrest of the net superflow. This approach broadens our understanding of dynamical properties of super-counterfluids, at low energies capturing its universal properties, phase transition, counterflow vortices, and many of its other properties. Such super-counterfluid strikingly exhibits $N$ distinct flavors of energetically stable elementary vortex solutions, despite $\mathbb{Z}^{N-1}$ homotopy group of its $N\! -\! 1$ independent Goldstone modes, with $N\! -\! 1$ topologically distinct elementary vortex types, obeying modular arithmetic. The model leads to Borromean hydrodynamics as a low-energy theory, reveals counteflow AC Josephson effect, and generically predicts a first-order character of the phase transitions into Borromean super-counterfluid state in dimensions greater than two. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2507_21766 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Field Theory of Borromean Super-counterfluids Kuklov, Anatoly Radzihovsky, Leo Svistunov, Boris Quantum Gases Superconductivity We introduce a class of dynamical field theories for $N$-component "Borromean" ($N\geq 3$) super-counterfluid order, naturally formulated in terms of inter-species bosonic fields $ψ_{αβ}$. Their condensation breaks the normal-state [U(1)]$^N$ symmetry down to its diagonal U(1) subgroup, thereby encoding the arrest of the net superflow. This approach broadens our understanding of dynamical properties of super-counterfluids, at low energies capturing its universal properties, phase transition, counterflow vortices, and many of its other properties. Such super-counterfluid strikingly exhibits $N$ distinct flavors of energetically stable elementary vortex solutions, despite $\mathbb{Z}^{N-1}$ homotopy group of its $N\! -\! 1$ independent Goldstone modes, with $N\! -\! 1$ topologically distinct elementary vortex types, obeying modular arithmetic. The model leads to Borromean hydrodynamics as a low-energy theory, reveals counteflow AC Josephson effect, and generically predicts a first-order character of the phase transitions into Borromean super-counterfluid state in dimensions greater than two. |
| title | Field Theory of Borromean Super-counterfluids |
| topic | Quantum Gases Superconductivity |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.21766 |