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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00057 |
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| _version_ | 1866908604055945216 |
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| author | Tanaka, Takumi S. Akins, Hollis B. Harikane, Yuichi Silverman, John D. Casey, Caitlin M. Inayoshi, Kohei Schindler, Jan-Torge Shimasaku, Kazuhiro Kocevski, Dale D. Onoue, Masafusa Faisst, Andreas L. Robertson, Brant Kokorev, Vasily Shuntov, Marko Koekemoer, Anton M. Franco, Maximilien Egami, Eiichi Liu, Daizhong Taylor, Anthony J. Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Bosman, Sarah E. Champagne, Jaclyn B. Kakiichi, Koki Harish, Santosh Zhang, Zijian Newman, Sophie L. Kakkad, Darshan Fei, Qinyue Fujimoto, Seiji Li, Mingyu Finkelstein, Steven L. Li, Zi Jian Lambrides, Erini Sommovigo, Laura Zavala, Jorge A. Ito, Kei Liu, Zhaoxuan Treister, Ezequiel Aravena, Manuel Gozaliasl, Ghassem Zhang, Haowen Hatamnia, Hossein Umeda, Hiroya Inoue, Akio K. Yang, Jinyi Ando, Makoto Arita, Junya Ding, Xuheng Matsui, Suin Shibanuma, Yuki Magdis, Georgios Zhuang, Ming-Yang Fan, Xiaohui Li, Zihao Liu, Weizhe Lyu, Jianwei Rhodes, Jason Toft, Sune Wang, Feige Zou, Siwei Arango-Toro, Rafael C. Battisti, A. J. Gillman, Steven Khostovan, Ali Ahmad Long, Arianna S. Mobasher, Bahram Sanders, David B. |
| author_facet | Tanaka, Takumi S. Akins, Hollis B. Harikane, Yuichi Silverman, John D. Casey, Caitlin M. Inayoshi, Kohei Schindler, Jan-Torge Shimasaku, Kazuhiro Kocevski, Dale D. Onoue, Masafusa Faisst, Andreas L. Robertson, Brant Kokorev, Vasily Shuntov, Marko Koekemoer, Anton M. Franco, Maximilien Egami, Eiichi Liu, Daizhong Taylor, Anthony J. Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Bosman, Sarah E. Champagne, Jaclyn B. Kakiichi, Koki Harish, Santosh Zhang, Zijian Newman, Sophie L. Kakkad, Darshan Fei, Qinyue Fujimoto, Seiji Li, Mingyu Finkelstein, Steven L. Li, Zi Jian Lambrides, Erini Sommovigo, Laura Zavala, Jorge A. Ito, Kei Liu, Zhaoxuan Treister, Ezequiel Aravena, Manuel Gozaliasl, Ghassem Zhang, Haowen Hatamnia, Hossein Umeda, Hiroya Inoue, Akio K. Yang, Jinyi Ando, Makoto Arita, Junya Ding, Xuheng Matsui, Suin Shibanuma, Yuki Magdis, Georgios Zhuang, Ming-Yang Fan, Xiaohui Li, Zihao Liu, Weizhe Lyu, Jianwei Rhodes, Jason Toft, Sune Wang, Feige Zou, Siwei Arango-Toro, Rafael C. Battisti, A. J. Gillman, Steven Khostovan, Ali Ahmad Long, Arianna S. Mobasher, Bahram Sanders, David B. |
| contents | JWST has revealed a new high-redshift population called little red dots (LRDs). Since LRDs may be in the early phase of black hole growth, identifying them in the early universe is crucial for understanding the formation of the first supermassive black holes. However, no robust LRD candidates have been identified at $z>10$, because commonly-used NIRCam photometry covers wavelengths up to $\sim5\,{\rm μm}$ and is insufficient to capture the characteristic V-shaped spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of LRDs. In this study, we present the first search for $z\gtrsim10$ LRD candidates using both NIRCam and MIRI imaging from COSMOS-Web, which provides the largest joint NIRCam-MIRI coverage to date ($0.20\,{\rm deg^2}$). Taking advantage of MIRI/F770W to remove contaminants, we identify one robust candidate, CW-LRD-z10 at $z_{\rm phot}=10.5^{+0.7}_{-0.6}$ with $M_{\rm UV}=-19.9^{+0.1}_{-0.2}\,{\rm mag}$. CW-LRD-z10 exhibits a compact morphology, a distinct V-shaped SED, and a non-detection in F115W, all consistent with being an LRD at $z\sim10$. Based on this discovery, we place the first constraint on the number density of LRDs at $z\sim10$ with $M_{\rm UV}\sim-20$ of $1.2^{+2.7}_{-1.0}\times10^{-6}\,{\rm Mpc^{-3}\,mag^{-1}}$, suggesting that the fraction of LRDs among the overall galaxy population increases with redshift, reaching $\sim3\%$ at $z\sim10$. Although deep spectroscopy is necessary to confirm the redshift and the nature of CW-LRD-z10, our results imply that LRDs may be a common population at $z>10$, playing a key role in the first supermassive black hole formation. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_00057 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Discovery of a Little Red Dot candidate at $z\gtrsim10$ in COSMOS-Web based on MIRI-NIRCam selection Tanaka, Takumi S. Akins, Hollis B. Harikane, Yuichi Silverman, John D. Casey, Caitlin M. Inayoshi, Kohei Schindler, Jan-Torge Shimasaku, Kazuhiro Kocevski, Dale D. Onoue, Masafusa Faisst, Andreas L. Robertson, Brant Kokorev, Vasily Shuntov, Marko Koekemoer, Anton M. Franco, Maximilien Egami, Eiichi Liu, Daizhong Taylor, Anthony J. Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S. Bosman, Sarah E. Champagne, Jaclyn B. Kakiichi, Koki Harish, Santosh Zhang, Zijian Newman, Sophie L. Kakkad, Darshan Fei, Qinyue Fujimoto, Seiji Li, Mingyu Finkelstein, Steven L. Li, Zi Jian Lambrides, Erini Sommovigo, Laura Zavala, Jorge A. Ito, Kei Liu, Zhaoxuan Treister, Ezequiel Aravena, Manuel Gozaliasl, Ghassem Zhang, Haowen Hatamnia, Hossein Umeda, Hiroya Inoue, Akio K. Yang, Jinyi Ando, Makoto Arita, Junya Ding, Xuheng Matsui, Suin Shibanuma, Yuki Magdis, Georgios Zhuang, Ming-Yang Fan, Xiaohui Li, Zihao Liu, Weizhe Lyu, Jianwei Rhodes, Jason Toft, Sune Wang, Feige Zou, Siwei Arango-Toro, Rafael C. Battisti, A. J. Gillman, Steven Khostovan, Ali Ahmad Long, Arianna S. Mobasher, Bahram Sanders, David B. Astrophysics of Galaxies JWST has revealed a new high-redshift population called little red dots (LRDs). Since LRDs may be in the early phase of black hole growth, identifying them in the early universe is crucial for understanding the formation of the first supermassive black holes. However, no robust LRD candidates have been identified at $z>10$, because commonly-used NIRCam photometry covers wavelengths up to $\sim5\,{\rm μm}$ and is insufficient to capture the characteristic V-shaped spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of LRDs. In this study, we present the first search for $z\gtrsim10$ LRD candidates using both NIRCam and MIRI imaging from COSMOS-Web, which provides the largest joint NIRCam-MIRI coverage to date ($0.20\,{\rm deg^2}$). Taking advantage of MIRI/F770W to remove contaminants, we identify one robust candidate, CW-LRD-z10 at $z_{\rm phot}=10.5^{+0.7}_{-0.6}$ with $M_{\rm UV}=-19.9^{+0.1}_{-0.2}\,{\rm mag}$. CW-LRD-z10 exhibits a compact morphology, a distinct V-shaped SED, and a non-detection in F115W, all consistent with being an LRD at $z\sim10$. Based on this discovery, we place the first constraint on the number density of LRDs at $z\sim10$ with $M_{\rm UV}\sim-20$ of $1.2^{+2.7}_{-1.0}\times10^{-6}\,{\rm Mpc^{-3}\,mag^{-1}}$, suggesting that the fraction of LRDs among the overall galaxy population increases with redshift, reaching $\sim3\%$ at $z\sim10$. Although deep spectroscopy is necessary to confirm the redshift and the nature of CW-LRD-z10, our results imply that LRDs may be a common population at $z>10$, playing a key role in the first supermassive black hole formation. |
| title | Discovery of a Little Red Dot candidate at $z\gtrsim10$ in COSMOS-Web based on MIRI-NIRCam selection |
| topic | Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00057 |