On Learning Closed-Loop Probabilistic Multi-Agent Simulator

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Lu, Juanwu, Gupta, Rohit, Moradipari, Ahmadreza, Han, Kyungtae, Zhang, Ruqi, Wang, Ziran
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Lu, Juanwu
Gupta, Rohit
Moradipari, Ahmadreza
Han, Kyungtae
Zhang, Ruqi
Wang, Ziran
author_facet Lu, Juanwu
Gupta, Rohit
Moradipari, Ahmadreza
Han, Kyungtae
Zhang, Ruqi
Wang, Ziran
contents The rapid iteration of autonomous vehicle (AV) deployments leads to increasing needs for building realistic and scalable multi-agent traffic simulators for efficient evaluation. Recent advances in this area focus on closed-loop simulators that enable generating diverse and interactive scenarios. This paper introduces Neural Interactive Agents (NIVA), a probabilistic framework for multi-agent simulation driven by a hierarchical Bayesian model that enables closed-loop, observation-conditioned simulation through autoregressive sampling from a latent, finite mixture of Gaussian distributions. We demonstrate how NIVA unifies preexisting sequence-to-sequence trajectory prediction models and emerging closed-loop simulation models trained on Next-token Prediction (NTP) from a Bayesian inference perspective. Experiments on the Waymo Open Motion Dataset demonstrate that NIVA attains competitive performance compared to the existing method while providing embellishing control over intentions and driving styles.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_00384
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle On Learning Closed-Loop Probabilistic Multi-Agent Simulator
Lu, Juanwu
Gupta, Rohit
Moradipari, Ahmadreza
Han, Kyungtae
Zhang, Ruqi
Wang, Ziran
Robotics
The rapid iteration of autonomous vehicle (AV) deployments leads to increasing needs for building realistic and scalable multi-agent traffic simulators for efficient evaluation. Recent advances in this area focus on closed-loop simulators that enable generating diverse and interactive scenarios. This paper introduces Neural Interactive Agents (NIVA), a probabilistic framework for multi-agent simulation driven by a hierarchical Bayesian model that enables closed-loop, observation-conditioned simulation through autoregressive sampling from a latent, finite mixture of Gaussian distributions. We demonstrate how NIVA unifies preexisting sequence-to-sequence trajectory prediction models and emerging closed-loop simulation models trained on Next-token Prediction (NTP) from a Bayesian inference perspective. Experiments on the Waymo Open Motion Dataset demonstrate that NIVA attains competitive performance compared to the existing method while providing embellishing control over intentions and driving styles.
title On Learning Closed-Loop Probabilistic Multi-Agent Simulator
topic Robotics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00384