Tunable, phase-locked hard X-ray pulse sequences generated by a free-electron laser
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Hu, Wenxiang Shim, Chi Hyun Kim, Gyujin Kim, Seongyeol Kwon, Seong-Hoon Min, Chang-Ki Moon, Kook-Jin Na, Donghyun Suh, Young Jin Sung, Chang-Kyu Yang, Haeryong Heo, Hoon Kang, Heung-Sik Nam, Inhyuk Prat, Eduard Gerber, Simon Reiche, Sven Aeppli, Gabriel Cho, Myunghoon Dijkstal, Philipp |
| author_facet | Hu, Wenxiang Shim, Chi Hyun Kim, Gyujin Kim, Seongyeol Kwon, Seong-Hoon Min, Chang-Ki Moon, Kook-Jin Na, Donghyun Suh, Young Jin Sung, Chang-Kyu Yang, Haeryong Heo, Hoon Kang, Heung-Sik Nam, Inhyuk Prat, Eduard Gerber, Simon Reiche, Sven Aeppli, Gabriel Cho, Myunghoon Dijkstal, Philipp |
| contents | The ability to arbitrarily dial in amplitudes and phases enables the fundamental quantum state operations pioneered for microwaves and then infrared and visible wavelengths during the second half of the last century. Self-seeded X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) routinely generate coherent, high-brightness, and ultrafast pulses for a wide range of experiments, but have so far not achieved a comparable level of amplitude and phase control. Here we report the first tunable phase-locked, ultra-fast hard X-ray (PHLUX) pulses by implementing a recently proposed method: A fresh-bunch self-seeded FEL, driven by an electron beam that was shaped with a slotted foil and a corrugated wakefield structure, generates coherent radiation that is intensity-modulated on the femtosecond time scale. We measure phase-locked (to within a shot-to-shot phase jitter corresponding to 0.1 attoseconds) pulse triplets with a photon energy of 9.7 keV, a pulse energy of several tens of microjoules, a freely tunable relative phase, and a pulse delay tunability between 4.5 and 11.9 fs. Such pulse sequences are suitable for a wide range of applications, including coherent spectroscopy, and have amplitudes sufficient to enable hard X-ray quantum optics experiments. More generally, these results represent an important step towards a hard X-ray arbitrary waveform generator. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_00455 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Tunable, phase-locked hard X-ray pulse sequences generated by a free-electron laser Hu, Wenxiang Shim, Chi Hyun Kim, Gyujin Kim, Seongyeol Kwon, Seong-Hoon Min, Chang-Ki Moon, Kook-Jin Na, Donghyun Suh, Young Jin Sung, Chang-Kyu Yang, Haeryong Heo, Hoon Kang, Heung-Sik Nam, Inhyuk Prat, Eduard Gerber, Simon Reiche, Sven Aeppli, Gabriel Cho, Myunghoon Dijkstal, Philipp Accelerator Physics Optics The ability to arbitrarily dial in amplitudes and phases enables the fundamental quantum state operations pioneered for microwaves and then infrared and visible wavelengths during the second half of the last century. Self-seeded X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) routinely generate coherent, high-brightness, and ultrafast pulses for a wide range of experiments, but have so far not achieved a comparable level of amplitude and phase control. Here we report the first tunable phase-locked, ultra-fast hard X-ray (PHLUX) pulses by implementing a recently proposed method: A fresh-bunch self-seeded FEL, driven by an electron beam that was shaped with a slotted foil and a corrugated wakefield structure, generates coherent radiation that is intensity-modulated on the femtosecond time scale. We measure phase-locked (to within a shot-to-shot phase jitter corresponding to 0.1 attoseconds) pulse triplets with a photon energy of 9.7 keV, a pulse energy of several tens of microjoules, a freely tunable relative phase, and a pulse delay tunability between 4.5 and 11.9 fs. Such pulse sequences are suitable for a wide range of applications, including coherent spectroscopy, and have amplitudes sufficient to enable hard X-ray quantum optics experiments. More generally, these results represent an important step towards a hard X-ray arbitrary waveform generator. |
| title | Tunable, phase-locked hard X-ray pulse sequences generated by a free-electron laser |
| topic | Accelerator Physics Optics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.00455 |