Detailed radial scale height profile of dust grains as probed by dust self-scattering in HL Tau
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arXiv
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2025
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| author | Yang, Haifeng Stephens, Ian W. Lin, Zhe-Yu Daniel Fernández-López, Manuel Li, Zhi-Yun Looney, Leslie W. Harrison, Rachel |
| author_facet | Yang, Haifeng Stephens, Ian W. Lin, Zhe-Yu Daniel Fernández-López, Manuel Li, Zhi-Yun Looney, Leslie W. Harrison, Rachel |
| contents | The vertical settling of dust grains in a circumstellar disk, characterized by their scale height, is a pivotal process in the formation of planets. This study offers in-depth analysis and modeling of the radial scale height profile of dust grains in the HL Tau system, leveraging high-resolution polarization observations. We resolve the inner disk's polarization, revealing a significant near-far side asymmetry, with the near side being markedly brighter than the far side in polarized intensity. This asymmetry is attributed to a geometrically thick inner dust disk, suggesting a large aspect ratio of $H/R \ge 0.15$. The first ring at 20 au exhibits an azimuthal contrast, with polarization enhanced along the minor axis, indicating a moderately thick dust ring with $H/R \approx 0.1$. The absence of the near-far side asymmetry at larger scales implies a thin dust layer, with $H/R < 0.05$. Taken together, these findings depict a disk with a turbulent inner region and a settled outer disk, requiring a variable turbulence model with $α$ increasing from $10^{-5}$ at 100 au to $10^{-2.5}$ at 20 au. This research sheds light on dust settling and turbulence levels within protoplanetary disks, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms of planet formation. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_01233 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Detailed radial scale height profile of dust grains as probed by dust self-scattering in HL Tau Yang, Haifeng Stephens, Ian W. Lin, Zhe-Yu Daniel Fernández-López, Manuel Li, Zhi-Yun Looney, Leslie W. Harrison, Rachel Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics The vertical settling of dust grains in a circumstellar disk, characterized by their scale height, is a pivotal process in the formation of planets. This study offers in-depth analysis and modeling of the radial scale height profile of dust grains in the HL Tau system, leveraging high-resolution polarization observations. We resolve the inner disk's polarization, revealing a significant near-far side asymmetry, with the near side being markedly brighter than the far side in polarized intensity. This asymmetry is attributed to a geometrically thick inner dust disk, suggesting a large aspect ratio of $H/R \ge 0.15$. The first ring at 20 au exhibits an azimuthal contrast, with polarization enhanced along the minor axis, indicating a moderately thick dust ring with $H/R \approx 0.1$. The absence of the near-far side asymmetry at larger scales implies a thin dust layer, with $H/R < 0.05$. Taken together, these findings depict a disk with a turbulent inner region and a settled outer disk, requiring a variable turbulence model with $α$ increasing from $10^{-5}$ at 100 au to $10^{-2.5}$ at 20 au. This research sheds light on dust settling and turbulence levels within protoplanetary disks, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms of planet formation. |
| title | Detailed radial scale height profile of dust grains as probed by dust self-scattering in HL Tau |
| topic | Earth and Planetary Astrophysics Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01233 |