Force and geometric signatures of the creep-to-failure transition in a granular pile

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Main Authors: Hao, Qing, Montoya, Luca, Lee, Elena, Davis, Luke K., Bester, Cacey Stevens
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Hao, Qing
Montoya, Luca
Lee, Elena
Davis, Luke K.
Bester, Cacey Stevens
author_facet Hao, Qing
Montoya, Luca
Lee, Elena
Davis, Luke K.
Bester, Cacey Stevens
contents Granular creep is the slow, sub-yield movement of constituents in a granular packing due to the disordered nature of its grain-scale interactions. Despite the ubiquity of creep in disordered materials, it is still not understood how to best predict the creep-to-failure regime based on the forces and interactions among constituents. To address this gap, we perform experiments to explore creep and failure in quasi two-dimensional piles of photoelastic disks, allowing the quantification of both grain movements and grain-scale contact force networks. Through controlled external disturbances, we investigate the emergence and evolution of grain rearrangements, force networks, and voids to illuminate signatures of creep and failure. Surprisingly, the force chain structure remains dynamic even in the absence of observable particle motion. We find that shifts in force chains provide an indication to larger, avalanche-scale disruptions. We connect these force signatures with the geometry of the voids in the pile. Overall, our novel experiments and analyses deepen our mechanical and geometric understanding of the creep-to-failure transition in granular systems.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_01391
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Force and geometric signatures of the creep-to-failure transition in a granular pile
Hao, Qing
Montoya, Luca
Lee, Elena
Davis, Luke K.
Bester, Cacey Stevens
Soft Condensed Matter
Materials Science
Statistical Mechanics
Granular creep is the slow, sub-yield movement of constituents in a granular packing due to the disordered nature of its grain-scale interactions. Despite the ubiquity of creep in disordered materials, it is still not understood how to best predict the creep-to-failure regime based on the forces and interactions among constituents. To address this gap, we perform experiments to explore creep and failure in quasi two-dimensional piles of photoelastic disks, allowing the quantification of both grain movements and grain-scale contact force networks. Through controlled external disturbances, we investigate the emergence and evolution of grain rearrangements, force networks, and voids to illuminate signatures of creep and failure. Surprisingly, the force chain structure remains dynamic even in the absence of observable particle motion. We find that shifts in force chains provide an indication to larger, avalanche-scale disruptions. We connect these force signatures with the geometry of the voids in the pile. Overall, our novel experiments and analyses deepen our mechanical and geometric understanding of the creep-to-failure transition in granular systems.
title Force and geometric signatures of the creep-to-failure transition in a granular pile
topic Soft Condensed Matter
Materials Science
Statistical Mechanics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01391