Impact of quantum coherence on the dynamics and thermodynamics of quenched free fermions coupled to a localized defect

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Donelli, Beatrice, De Chiara, Gabriele, Scazza, Francesco, Gherardini, Stefano
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Donelli, Beatrice
De Chiara, Gabriele
Scazza, Francesco
Gherardini, Stefano
author_facet Donelli, Beatrice
De Chiara, Gabriele
Scazza, Francesco
Gherardini, Stefano
contents We investigate the non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and thermodynamics of free fermions suddenly coupled to a localized defect in a one-dimensional harmonic trap. This setup realizes a quantum quench transformation that gives rise to the orthogonalization of the system's wave-function as an effect of the localized perturbation. Using the Loschmidt echo and the Kirkwood-Dirac quasiprobability (KDQ) distribution of the work done by the defect, we quantify the extent and rate of the orthogonalization dynamics. In particular, we show that initializing the system in a coherent superpositions of energy eigenstates leads to non-classical features, such as Wigner function's negativity and non-positivity of the work KDQ distribution. Starting from simple single-particle superpositions and then progressing with coherent and cat states of few-body fermionic systems, we uncover how quantum coherence and few-body correlations shape the out-of-equilibrium response due to the presence of the defect.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_01444
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Impact of quantum coherence on the dynamics and thermodynamics of quenched free fermions coupled to a localized defect
Donelli, Beatrice
De Chiara, Gabriele
Scazza, Francesco
Gherardini, Stefano
Quantum Gases
Statistical Mechanics
Quantum Physics
We investigate the non-equilibrium quantum dynamics and thermodynamics of free fermions suddenly coupled to a localized defect in a one-dimensional harmonic trap. This setup realizes a quantum quench transformation that gives rise to the orthogonalization of the system's wave-function as an effect of the localized perturbation. Using the Loschmidt echo and the Kirkwood-Dirac quasiprobability (KDQ) distribution of the work done by the defect, we quantify the extent and rate of the orthogonalization dynamics. In particular, we show that initializing the system in a coherent superpositions of energy eigenstates leads to non-classical features, such as Wigner function's negativity and non-positivity of the work KDQ distribution. Starting from simple single-particle superpositions and then progressing with coherent and cat states of few-body fermionic systems, we uncover how quantum coherence and few-body correlations shape the out-of-equilibrium response due to the presence of the defect.
title Impact of quantum coherence on the dynamics and thermodynamics of quenched free fermions coupled to a localized defect
topic Quantum Gases
Statistical Mechanics
Quantum Physics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.01444