Experimental Evaluation of Post-Quantum Homomorphic Encryption for Privacy-Preserving I2I Communication in ITS
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Mamun, Abdullah Al Yates, Kyle Rakotondrafara, Antsa Chowdhury, Mashrur Cartor, Ryann Gao, Shuhong |
| author_facet | Mamun, Abdullah Al Yates, Kyle Rakotondrafara, Antsa Chowdhury, Mashrur Cartor, Ryann Gao, Shuhong |
| contents | This study experimentally evaluates the feasibility of post-quantum secure Homomorphic Encryption (HE) for privacy-preserving Infrastructure-to-Infrastructure (I2I) communication in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Unlike prior simulation-based efforts, this work implements three lattice-based HE schemes: Brakerski-Fan-Vercauteren (BFV), Brakerski-Gentry-Vaikuntanathan (BGV), and Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song (CKKS), within a real experimental pipeline representing roadside unit (RSU)-Cloud data exchange over Wi-Fi and Ethernet networks. The experiments benchmark encrypted addition and addition-plus-multiplication operations representing key analytical tasks, such as vehicle queue assessment and regional speed computation. Results show that while BFV achieves sub-5-second latency suitable for intersection-level analytics, BGV supports regional aggregation with 10 to 30-second updates. CKKS, though exhibiting higher latency (21-32 seconds), remains practical for minute-scale applications like eco-driving. These findings demonstrate that post-quantum HE can enable privacy-preserving ITS backhaul analytics when latency requirements align with application needs. The study also presents optimization pathways, including algorithmic tuning, network adaptation, and hardware acceleration, to reduce end-to-end delay. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_02461 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Experimental Evaluation of Post-Quantum Homomorphic Encryption for Privacy-Preserving I2I Communication in ITS Mamun, Abdullah Al Yates, Kyle Rakotondrafara, Antsa Chowdhury, Mashrur Cartor, Ryann Gao, Shuhong Cryptography and Security This study experimentally evaluates the feasibility of post-quantum secure Homomorphic Encryption (HE) for privacy-preserving Infrastructure-to-Infrastructure (I2I) communication in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Unlike prior simulation-based efforts, this work implements three lattice-based HE schemes: Brakerski-Fan-Vercauteren (BFV), Brakerski-Gentry-Vaikuntanathan (BGV), and Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song (CKKS), within a real experimental pipeline representing roadside unit (RSU)-Cloud data exchange over Wi-Fi and Ethernet networks. The experiments benchmark encrypted addition and addition-plus-multiplication operations representing key analytical tasks, such as vehicle queue assessment and regional speed computation. Results show that while BFV achieves sub-5-second latency suitable for intersection-level analytics, BGV supports regional aggregation with 10 to 30-second updates. CKKS, though exhibiting higher latency (21-32 seconds), remains practical for minute-scale applications like eco-driving. These findings demonstrate that post-quantum HE can enable privacy-preserving ITS backhaul analytics when latency requirements align with application needs. The study also presents optimization pathways, including algorithmic tuning, network adaptation, and hardware acceleration, to reduce end-to-end delay. |
| title | Experimental Evaluation of Post-Quantum Homomorphic Encryption for Privacy-Preserving I2I Communication in ITS |
| topic | Cryptography and Security |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.02461 |