Online Continual Graph Learning

Fuente: arXiv
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Hauptverfasser: Donghi, Giovanni, Pasa, Luca, Zambon, Daniele, Alippi, Cesare, Navarin, Nicolò
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Donghi, Giovanni
Pasa, Luca
Zambon, Daniele
Alippi, Cesare
Navarin, Nicolò
author_facet Donghi, Giovanni
Pasa, Luca
Zambon, Daniele
Alippi, Cesare
Navarin, Nicolò
contents Continual Learning (CL) aims to incrementally acquire new knowledge while mitigating catastrophic forgetting. Within this setting, Online Continual Learning (OCL) focuses on updating models promptly and incrementally from single or small batches of observations from a data stream. Extending OCL to graph-structured data is crucial, as many real-world networks evolve over time and require timely, online predictions. However, existing continual or streaming graph learning methods typically assume access to entire graph snapshots or multiple passes over tasks, violating the efficiency constraints of the online setting. To address this gap, we introduce the Online Continual Graph Learning (OCGL) setting, which formalizes node-level continual learning on evolving graphs under strict memory and computational budgets. OCGL defines how a model incrementally processes a stream of node-level information while maintaining anytime inference and respecting resource constraints. We further establish a comprehensive benchmark comprising seven datasets and nine CL strategies, suitably adapted to the OCGL setting, enabling a standardized evaluation setup. Finally, we present a minimalistic yet competitive baseline for OCGL, inspired by our benchmarking results, that achieves strong empirical performance with high efficiency.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_03283
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Online Continual Graph Learning
Donghi, Giovanni
Pasa, Luca
Zambon, Daniele
Alippi, Cesare
Navarin, Nicolò
Machine Learning
Continual Learning (CL) aims to incrementally acquire new knowledge while mitigating catastrophic forgetting. Within this setting, Online Continual Learning (OCL) focuses on updating models promptly and incrementally from single or small batches of observations from a data stream. Extending OCL to graph-structured data is crucial, as many real-world networks evolve over time and require timely, online predictions. However, existing continual or streaming graph learning methods typically assume access to entire graph snapshots or multiple passes over tasks, violating the efficiency constraints of the online setting. To address this gap, we introduce the Online Continual Graph Learning (OCGL) setting, which formalizes node-level continual learning on evolving graphs under strict memory and computational budgets. OCGL defines how a model incrementally processes a stream of node-level information while maintaining anytime inference and respecting resource constraints. We further establish a comprehensive benchmark comprising seven datasets and nine CL strategies, suitably adapted to the OCGL setting, enabling a standardized evaluation setup. Finally, we present a minimalistic yet competitive baseline for OCGL, inspired by our benchmarking results, that achieves strong empirical performance with high efficiency.
title Online Continual Graph Learning
topic Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03283