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| Natura: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03807 |
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| author | Sfaradi, Itai Margutti, Raffaella Chornock, Ryan Alexander, Kate D. Metzger, Brian D. Beniamini, Paz Duran, Rodolfo Barniol Yao, Yuhan Horesh, Assaf Farah, Wael Berger, Edo J., Nayana A. Cendes, Yvette Eftekhari, Tarraneh Fender, Rob Franz, Noah Green, Dave A. Hammerstein, Erica Lu, Wenbin Wiston, Eli Bernstein, Yirmi Bright, Joe Christy, Collin T. Cruz, Luigi F. DeBoer, David R Golay, Walter W. Goodwin, Adelle J. Gurwell, Mark Keating, Garrett K. Laskar, Tanmoy Miller-Jones, James C. A. Pollak, Alexander W. Rao, Ramprasad Siemion, Andrew Sheikh, Sofia Z. Shoval, Nadav van Velzen, Sjoert |
| author_facet | Sfaradi, Itai Margutti, Raffaella Chornock, Ryan Alexander, Kate D. Metzger, Brian D. Beniamini, Paz Duran, Rodolfo Barniol Yao, Yuhan Horesh, Assaf Farah, Wael Berger, Edo J., Nayana A. Cendes, Yvette Eftekhari, Tarraneh Fender, Rob Franz, Noah Green, Dave A. Hammerstein, Erica Lu, Wenbin Wiston, Eli Bernstein, Yirmi Bright, Joe Christy, Collin T. Cruz, Luigi F. DeBoer, David R Golay, Walter W. Goodwin, Adelle J. Gurwell, Mark Keating, Garrett K. Laskar, Tanmoy Miller-Jones, James C. A. Pollak, Alexander W. Rao, Ramprasad Siemion, Andrew Sheikh, Sofia Z. Shoval, Nadav van Velzen, Sjoert |
| contents | We present the first multi-epoch broadband radio and millimeter monitoring of an off-nuclear TDE using the VLA, ALMA, ATA, AMI-LA, and the SMA. The off-nuclear TDE 2024tvd exhibits double-peaked radio light curves and the fastest evolving radio emission observed from a TDE to date. With respect to the optical discovery date, the first radio flare rises faster than $F_{\rm ν} \sim t^{9}$ at $Δt = 88-131$ days, and then decays as fast as $F_{\rm ν} \sim t^{-6}$. The emergence of a second radio flare is observed at $Δt \approx 194$ days with an initial fast rise of $F_{\rm ν} \sim t^{18}$, and an optically thin decline of $F_{\rm ν} \sim t ^{-12}$. We interpret these observations in the context of a self-absorbed and free-free absorbed synchrotron spectrum, while accounting for both synchrotron and external inverse-Compton cooling. We find that a single prompt outflow cannot easily explain these observations and it is likely that either there is only one outflow that was launched at $Δt \sim 80$ days, or two distinct outflows, with the second launched at $Δt \sim 170-190$ days. The nature of these outflows, whether sub-, mildly-, or ultra-relativistic, is still unclear, and we explore these different scenarios. Finally, we find a temporal coincidence between the launch time of the first radio-emitting outflow and the onset of a power-law component in the X-ray spectrum, attributed to inverse-Compton scattering of thermal photons. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_03807 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | The First Radio-Bright Off-Nuclear TDE 2024tvd Reveals the Fastest-Evolving Double-Peaked Radio Emission Sfaradi, Itai Margutti, Raffaella Chornock, Ryan Alexander, Kate D. Metzger, Brian D. Beniamini, Paz Duran, Rodolfo Barniol Yao, Yuhan Horesh, Assaf Farah, Wael Berger, Edo J., Nayana A. Cendes, Yvette Eftekhari, Tarraneh Fender, Rob Franz, Noah Green, Dave A. Hammerstein, Erica Lu, Wenbin Wiston, Eli Bernstein, Yirmi Bright, Joe Christy, Collin T. Cruz, Luigi F. DeBoer, David R Golay, Walter W. Goodwin, Adelle J. Gurwell, Mark Keating, Garrett K. Laskar, Tanmoy Miller-Jones, James C. A. Pollak, Alexander W. Rao, Ramprasad Siemion, Andrew Sheikh, Sofia Z. Shoval, Nadav van Velzen, Sjoert High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena We present the first multi-epoch broadband radio and millimeter monitoring of an off-nuclear TDE using the VLA, ALMA, ATA, AMI-LA, and the SMA. The off-nuclear TDE 2024tvd exhibits double-peaked radio light curves and the fastest evolving radio emission observed from a TDE to date. With respect to the optical discovery date, the first radio flare rises faster than $F_{\rm ν} \sim t^{9}$ at $Δt = 88-131$ days, and then decays as fast as $F_{\rm ν} \sim t^{-6}$. The emergence of a second radio flare is observed at $Δt \approx 194$ days with an initial fast rise of $F_{\rm ν} \sim t^{18}$, and an optically thin decline of $F_{\rm ν} \sim t ^{-12}$. We interpret these observations in the context of a self-absorbed and free-free absorbed synchrotron spectrum, while accounting for both synchrotron and external inverse-Compton cooling. We find that a single prompt outflow cannot easily explain these observations and it is likely that either there is only one outflow that was launched at $Δt \sim 80$ days, or two distinct outflows, with the second launched at $Δt \sim 170-190$ days. The nature of these outflows, whether sub-, mildly-, or ultra-relativistic, is still unclear, and we explore these different scenarios. Finally, we find a temporal coincidence between the launch time of the first radio-emitting outflow and the onset of a power-law component in the X-ray spectrum, attributed to inverse-Compton scattering of thermal photons. |
| title | The First Radio-Bright Off-Nuclear TDE 2024tvd Reveals the Fastest-Evolving Double-Peaked Radio Emission |
| topic | High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03807 |