STEMTOX: From Social Tags to Fine-Grained Toxic Meme Detection via Entropy-Guided Multi-Task Learning

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Hauptverfasser: Swain, Subhankar, Rizwan, Naquee, S, Vishwa Gangadhar, Deb, Nayandeep, Mukherjee, Animesh
Format: Preprint
Veröffentlicht: 2025
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author Swain, Subhankar
Rizwan, Naquee
S, Vishwa Gangadhar
Deb, Nayandeep
Mukherjee, Animesh
author_facet Swain, Subhankar
Rizwan, Naquee
S, Vishwa Gangadhar
Deb, Nayandeep
Mukherjee, Animesh
contents Memes, as a widely used mode of online communication, often serve as vehicles for spreading harmful content. However, limitations in data accessibility and the high costs of dataset curation hinder the development of robust meme moderation systems. To address this challenge, in this work, we introduce a first-of-its-kind dataset - TOXICTAGS consisting of 6,300 real-world meme-based posts annotated in two stages: (i) binary classification into toxic and normal, and (ii) fine-grained labelling of toxic memes as hateful, dangerous, or offensive. A key feature of this dataset is that it is enriched with auxiliary metadata of socially relevant tags, enhancing the context of each meme. In addition, we propose a novel entropy guided multi-tasking framework - STEMTOX - that integrates the generation of socially grounded tags with a robust classification framework. Experimental results show that incorporating these tags substantially enhances the performance of state-of-the-art VLMs in toxicity detection tasks. Our contributions offer a novel and scalable foundation for improved content moderation in multimodal online environments. Warning: Contains potentially toxic contents.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_04166
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle STEMTOX: From Social Tags to Fine-Grained Toxic Meme Detection via Entropy-Guided Multi-Task Learning
Swain, Subhankar
Rizwan, Naquee
S, Vishwa Gangadhar
Deb, Nayandeep
Mukherjee, Animesh
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Computation and Language
Memes, as a widely used mode of online communication, often serve as vehicles for spreading harmful content. However, limitations in data accessibility and the high costs of dataset curation hinder the development of robust meme moderation systems. To address this challenge, in this work, we introduce a first-of-its-kind dataset - TOXICTAGS consisting of 6,300 real-world meme-based posts annotated in two stages: (i) binary classification into toxic and normal, and (ii) fine-grained labelling of toxic memes as hateful, dangerous, or offensive. A key feature of this dataset is that it is enriched with auxiliary metadata of socially relevant tags, enhancing the context of each meme. In addition, we propose a novel entropy guided multi-tasking framework - STEMTOX - that integrates the generation of socially grounded tags with a robust classification framework. Experimental results show that incorporating these tags substantially enhances the performance of state-of-the-art VLMs in toxicity detection tasks. Our contributions offer a novel and scalable foundation for improved content moderation in multimodal online environments. Warning: Contains potentially toxic contents.
title STEMTOX: From Social Tags to Fine-Grained Toxic Meme Detection via Entropy-Guided Multi-Task Learning
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.04166