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Main Authors: Giberna, Marco, Voos, Holger, Tavares, Paulo, Nunes, João, Sorg, Tobias, Masini, Andrea, Sanchez-Lopez, Jose Luis
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05717
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author Giberna, Marco
Voos, Holger
Tavares, Paulo
Nunes, João
Sorg, Tobias
Masini, Andrea
Sanchez-Lopez, Jose Luis
author_facet Giberna, Marco
Voos, Holger
Tavares, Paulo
Nunes, João
Sorg, Tobias
Masini, Andrea
Sanchez-Lopez, Jose Luis
contents Digital twins have emerged as a transformative technology for modeling and simulation in various industries, including defense. This paper provides a comprehensive review of digital twin applications in defense modeling and simulation, focusing on how digital twins can enhance simulation fidelity, interoperability, and decision support within defense systems. We consolidate existing research into a unified framework that links digital twin concepts, simulation-driven application, and real-world deployment in defense scenarios. We discuss the role of digital twin in applications like planning, training, execution and monitoring, and debriefing. We introduce a standardized digital twin characterization framework suitable for defense application that aligns with industrial modeling and simulation standards, and present a taxonomy of defense specific use cases, highlighting recurring requirements. Additionally, practical evidence is provided from a targeted questionnaire distributed to defense stakeholders and Ministries of Defense, revealing current challenges in digital twin integration and deployment. Finally, we conclude by identifying key gaps in digital twins application for defense modeling and simulation, including interoperability, security, and system integration, and we outline future research directions and development opportunities. This review aims to inform defense modeling and simulation practitioners and researchers, guiding future work on digital twin design, implementation and deployment across defense applications.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_05717
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle On Digital Twins in Defence: Overview and Applications
Giberna, Marco
Voos, Holger
Tavares, Paulo
Nunes, João
Sorg, Tobias
Masini, Andrea
Sanchez-Lopez, Jose Luis
Cryptography and Security
Digital twins have emerged as a transformative technology for modeling and simulation in various industries, including defense. This paper provides a comprehensive review of digital twin applications in defense modeling and simulation, focusing on how digital twins can enhance simulation fidelity, interoperability, and decision support within defense systems. We consolidate existing research into a unified framework that links digital twin concepts, simulation-driven application, and real-world deployment in defense scenarios. We discuss the role of digital twin in applications like planning, training, execution and monitoring, and debriefing. We introduce a standardized digital twin characterization framework suitable for defense application that aligns with industrial modeling and simulation standards, and present a taxonomy of defense specific use cases, highlighting recurring requirements. Additionally, practical evidence is provided from a targeted questionnaire distributed to defense stakeholders and Ministries of Defense, revealing current challenges in digital twin integration and deployment. Finally, we conclude by identifying key gaps in digital twins application for defense modeling and simulation, including interoperability, security, and system integration, and we outline future research directions and development opportunities. This review aims to inform defense modeling and simulation practitioners and researchers, guiding future work on digital twin design, implementation and deployment across defense applications.
title On Digital Twins in Defence: Overview and Applications
topic Cryptography and Security
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05717