A decomposition of graph a-numbers

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Choi, Suyuong, Yoon, Younghan
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866908828320137216
author Choi, Suyuong
Yoon, Younghan
author_facet Choi, Suyuong
Yoon, Younghan
contents We study the $a$-sequence $(a_0(G), a_1(G), \cdots)$ of a finite simple graph $G$, defined recursively through a combinatorial rule and known to coincide with the sequence of rational Betti numbers of the real toric variety associated with $G$. In this paper, we establish a combinatorial and topological decomposition formula for the $a$-sequence. As an application, we show that the $a$-sequence is monotone under graph inclusion; that is, $a_i(G) \geq a_i(H)$ for all $i \geq 0$ whenever $H$ is a subgraph of $G$, and obtain the lower and upper bounds of $a_i$-numbers. We also prove that the $a$-sequence is unimodal in $i$ for a broad class of graphs $G$, including those with a Hamiltonian circuit or a universal vertex. These results provide a new class of topological spaces whose Betti number sequences are unimodal but not necessarily log concave, contributing to the study of real loci in algebraic geometry.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_06855
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A decomposition of graph a-numbers
Choi, Suyuong
Yoon, Younghan
Combinatorics
Algebraic Geometry
Algebraic Topology
14M25, 55N10, 14P25, 57S12, 05C30
We study the $a$-sequence $(a_0(G), a_1(G), \cdots)$ of a finite simple graph $G$, defined recursively through a combinatorial rule and known to coincide with the sequence of rational Betti numbers of the real toric variety associated with $G$. In this paper, we establish a combinatorial and topological decomposition formula for the $a$-sequence. As an application, we show that the $a$-sequence is monotone under graph inclusion; that is, $a_i(G) \geq a_i(H)$ for all $i \geq 0$ whenever $H$ is a subgraph of $G$, and obtain the lower and upper bounds of $a_i$-numbers. We also prove that the $a$-sequence is unimodal in $i$ for a broad class of graphs $G$, including those with a Hamiltonian circuit or a universal vertex. These results provide a new class of topological spaces whose Betti number sequences are unimodal but not necessarily log concave, contributing to the study of real loci in algebraic geometry.
title A decomposition of graph a-numbers
topic Combinatorics
Algebraic Geometry
Algebraic Topology
14M25, 55N10, 14P25, 57S12, 05C30
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.06855