Bang-Ride Optimal Control: Monotonicity, External Positivity, and Fast Battery Charging

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Shi, Shengling, Sass, Jacob, Wu, Jiaen, Kim, Minsu, Ma, Yingjie, Shin, Sungho, Findeisen, Rolf, Braatz, Richard D.
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Shi, Shengling
Sass, Jacob
Wu, Jiaen
Kim, Minsu
Ma, Yingjie
Shin, Sungho
Findeisen, Rolf
Braatz, Richard D.
author_facet Shi, Shengling
Sass, Jacob
Wu, Jiaen
Kim, Minsu
Ma, Yingjie
Shin, Sungho
Findeisen, Rolf
Braatz, Richard D.
contents This work studies a class of optimal control problems with scalar inputs and general constraints, whose solutions follow a bang-ride pattern that always activates a constraint and enables efficient numerical computation. As a motivating example, fast battery charging leads to computationally demanding optimal control problems when detailed electrochemical models are used. Recently proposed optimization-free heuristics reduce this computational cost while producing input profiles observed in practice, following a bang-ride pattern and applying the maximum feasible input. We investigate when such heuristics satisfy necessary optimality conditions. By leveraging Pontryagin's maximum principle, we unify and formalize existing insights on the bang-ride structure and on the optimal control attaining the maximum feasible input under monotonicity. We further establish a novel connection between the structured optimal control and the external positivity of the costate dynamics. These results provide a rigorous theoretical foundation for heuristic charging strategies and explain the efficiency of optimization-free algorithms.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_09010
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Bang-Ride Optimal Control: Monotonicity, External Positivity, and Fast Battery Charging
Shi, Shengling
Sass, Jacob
Wu, Jiaen
Kim, Minsu
Ma, Yingjie
Shin, Sungho
Findeisen, Rolf
Braatz, Richard D.
Optimization and Control
Systems and Control
This work studies a class of optimal control problems with scalar inputs and general constraints, whose solutions follow a bang-ride pattern that always activates a constraint and enables efficient numerical computation. As a motivating example, fast battery charging leads to computationally demanding optimal control problems when detailed electrochemical models are used. Recently proposed optimization-free heuristics reduce this computational cost while producing input profiles observed in practice, following a bang-ride pattern and applying the maximum feasible input. We investigate when such heuristics satisfy necessary optimality conditions. By leveraging Pontryagin's maximum principle, we unify and formalize existing insights on the bang-ride structure and on the optimal control attaining the maximum feasible input under monotonicity. We further establish a novel connection between the structured optimal control and the external positivity of the costate dynamics. These results provide a rigorous theoretical foundation for heuristic charging strategies and explain the efficiency of optimization-free algorithms.
title Bang-Ride Optimal Control: Monotonicity, External Positivity, and Fast Battery Charging
topic Optimization and Control
Systems and Control
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.09010