Probing ultrafast heating and ionization dynamics in solid density plasmas with time-resolved resonant X-ray absorption and emission
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866914449717198848 |
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| author | Huang, Lingen Mishchenko, Mikhail Šmíd, Michal Humphries, Oliver Preston, Thomas R. Pan, Xiayun Yang, Long Hagemann, Johannes Engler, Thea Cui, Yangzhe Kluge, Thomas Baehtz, Carsten Brambrink, Erik Garcia, Alejandro Laso Göde, Sebastian Gutt, Christian Hassan, Mohamed Höppner, Hauke Kozlova, Michaela Metzkes-Ng, Josefine Masruri, Masruri Nakatsutsumi, Motoaki Ota, Masato Öztürk, Özgül Pelka, Alexander Prencipe, Irene Randolph, Lisa Rehwald, Martin Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter Schramm, Ulrich Schwinkendorf, Jan-Patrick Toncian, Monika Toncian, Toma Vorberger, Jan Zeil, Karl Zastrau, Ulf Cowan, Thomas E. |
| author_facet | Huang, Lingen Mishchenko, Mikhail Šmíd, Michal Humphries, Oliver Preston, Thomas R. Pan, Xiayun Yang, Long Hagemann, Johannes Engler, Thea Cui, Yangzhe Kluge, Thomas Baehtz, Carsten Brambrink, Erik Garcia, Alejandro Laso Göde, Sebastian Gutt, Christian Hassan, Mohamed Höppner, Hauke Kozlova, Michaela Metzkes-Ng, Josefine Masruri, Masruri Nakatsutsumi, Motoaki Ota, Masato Öztürk, Özgül Pelka, Alexander Prencipe, Irene Randolph, Lisa Rehwald, Martin Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter Schramm, Ulrich Schwinkendorf, Jan-Patrick Toncian, Monika Toncian, Toma Vorberger, Jan Zeil, Karl Zastrau, Ulf Cowan, Thomas E. |
| contents | Heating and ionization are among the most fundamental processes in relativistic laser--solid interactions; however, their spatiotemporal evolution remains challenging to capture experimentally. Here we present detailed diagnosis of high-intensity laser interactions with wire targets, leveraging the extreme spectral brightness of an X-ray free-electron laser in sub-picosecond time-resolved resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy and absorption imaging. Experimental results are compared with comprehensive simulations using atomic collisional--radiative models, particle-in-cell, and magnetohydrodynamics codes to elucidate the underlying physics. These multi-scale simulations reveal extreme sensitivity of basic plasma parameters with widely used models, such as temperature and ionization depth, which are able to be constrained by incorporating a detailed accounting of laser spatial profiles, pre-plasma conditions, and collisional processes. These results provide new insights into heating and ionization dynamics in the high-energy-density regime relevant to inertial fusion energy research, both as an experimental platform for accessing theoretically challenging conditions and as a benchmark for improving models of high-power laser--plasma interactions. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_10627 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Probing ultrafast heating and ionization dynamics in solid density plasmas with time-resolved resonant X-ray absorption and emission Huang, Lingen Mishchenko, Mikhail Šmíd, Michal Humphries, Oliver Preston, Thomas R. Pan, Xiayun Yang, Long Hagemann, Johannes Engler, Thea Cui, Yangzhe Kluge, Thomas Baehtz, Carsten Brambrink, Erik Garcia, Alejandro Laso Göde, Sebastian Gutt, Christian Hassan, Mohamed Höppner, Hauke Kozlova, Michaela Metzkes-Ng, Josefine Masruri, Masruri Nakatsutsumi, Motoaki Ota, Masato Öztürk, Özgül Pelka, Alexander Prencipe, Irene Randolph, Lisa Rehwald, Martin Schlenvoigt, Hans-Peter Schramm, Ulrich Schwinkendorf, Jan-Patrick Toncian, Monika Toncian, Toma Vorberger, Jan Zeil, Karl Zastrau, Ulf Cowan, Thomas E. Plasma Physics Heating and ionization are among the most fundamental processes in relativistic laser--solid interactions; however, their spatiotemporal evolution remains challenging to capture experimentally. Here we present detailed diagnosis of high-intensity laser interactions with wire targets, leveraging the extreme spectral brightness of an X-ray free-electron laser in sub-picosecond time-resolved resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy and absorption imaging. Experimental results are compared with comprehensive simulations using atomic collisional--radiative models, particle-in-cell, and magnetohydrodynamics codes to elucidate the underlying physics. These multi-scale simulations reveal extreme sensitivity of basic plasma parameters with widely used models, such as temperature and ionization depth, which are able to be constrained by incorporating a detailed accounting of laser spatial profiles, pre-plasma conditions, and collisional processes. These results provide new insights into heating and ionization dynamics in the high-energy-density regime relevant to inertial fusion energy research, both as an experimental platform for accessing theoretically challenging conditions and as a benchmark for improving models of high-power laser--plasma interactions. |
| title | Probing ultrafast heating and ionization dynamics in solid density plasmas with time-resolved resonant X-ray absorption and emission |
| topic | Plasma Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10627 |