Towards Hybrid Lunar PNT: Error Models, Lower Bounds and Algorithms

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Pöhlmann, Robert, Staudinger, Emanuel, Seco-Granados, Gonzalo
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Pöhlmann, Robert
Staudinger, Emanuel
Seco-Granados, Gonzalo
author_facet Pöhlmann, Robert
Staudinger, Emanuel
Seco-Granados, Gonzalo
contents Accurate positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) are crucial for upcoming lunar surface missions. Lunar satellite navigation systems are being developed, but lack coverage during early deployment phases. Hybrid lunar PNT combining cooperative navigation, satellite systems, and an optional reference station offers improved accuracy and availability. This study develops realistic error models that incorporate temporal correlations often ignored in existing works. We derive a cooperative navigation error model considering fading and pseudorange bias from multipath propagation, and compare three error models for lunar satellite pseudorange and pseudorange rate signal-in-space error. These temporal error correlation models integrate easily into Kalman filters and provide realistic performance predictions essential for robust navigation engines. We perform case studies to demonstrate that hybrid navigation significantly improves accuracy, particularly with static users present. Most notably, hybrid navigation enables optimal performance when using a lunar reference station, achieving sub-meter accuracy with only two visible satellites.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_10699
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Towards Hybrid Lunar PNT: Error Models, Lower Bounds and Algorithms
Pöhlmann, Robert
Staudinger, Emanuel
Seco-Granados, Gonzalo
Signal Processing
Accurate positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) are crucial for upcoming lunar surface missions. Lunar satellite navigation systems are being developed, but lack coverage during early deployment phases. Hybrid lunar PNT combining cooperative navigation, satellite systems, and an optional reference station offers improved accuracy and availability. This study develops realistic error models that incorporate temporal correlations often ignored in existing works. We derive a cooperative navigation error model considering fading and pseudorange bias from multipath propagation, and compare three error models for lunar satellite pseudorange and pseudorange rate signal-in-space error. These temporal error correlation models integrate easily into Kalman filters and provide realistic performance predictions essential for robust navigation engines. We perform case studies to demonstrate that hybrid navigation significantly improves accuracy, particularly with static users present. Most notably, hybrid navigation enables optimal performance when using a lunar reference station, achieving sub-meter accuracy with only two visible satellites.
title Towards Hybrid Lunar PNT: Error Models, Lower Bounds and Algorithms
topic Signal Processing
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10699