Bandit-Based Charging with Beamforming for Mobile Wireless-Powered IoT Systems

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Main Authors: Fu, Chenchen, Zhou, Zining, Qiu, Xiaoxing, Sun, Sujunjie, Wu, Weiwei, Han, Song
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Fu, Chenchen
Zhou, Zining
Qiu, Xiaoxing
Sun, Sujunjie
Wu, Weiwei
Han, Song
author_facet Fu, Chenchen
Zhou, Zining
Qiu, Xiaoxing
Sun, Sujunjie
Wu, Weiwei
Han, Song
contents Wireless power transfer (WPT) is increasingly used to sustain Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems by wirelessly charging embedded devices. Mobile chargers further enhance scalability in wireless-powered IoT (WP-IoT) networks, but pose new challenges due to dynamic channel conditions and limited energy budgets. Most existing works overlook such dynamics or ignore real-time constraints on charging schedules. This paper presents a bandit-based charging framework for WP-IoT systems using mobile chargers with practical beamforming capabilities and real-time charging constraints. We explicitly consider time-varying channel state information (CSI) and impose a strict charging deadline in each round, which reflects the hard real-time constraint from the charger's limited battery capacity. We formulate a temporal-spatial charging policy that jointly determines the charging locations, durations, and beamforming configurations. Area discretization enables polynomial-time enumeration with constant approximation bounds. We then propose two online bandit algorithms for both stationary and non-stationary unknown channel state scenarios with bounded regrets. Our extensive experimental results validate that the proposed algorithms can rapidly approach the theoretical upper bound while effectively tracking the dynamic channel states for adaptive adjustment.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_11971
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Bandit-Based Charging with Beamforming for Mobile Wireless-Powered IoT Systems
Fu, Chenchen
Zhou, Zining
Qiu, Xiaoxing
Sun, Sujunjie
Wu, Weiwei
Han, Song
Networking and Internet Architecture
Wireless power transfer (WPT) is increasingly used to sustain Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems by wirelessly charging embedded devices. Mobile chargers further enhance scalability in wireless-powered IoT (WP-IoT) networks, but pose new challenges due to dynamic channel conditions and limited energy budgets. Most existing works overlook such dynamics or ignore real-time constraints on charging schedules. This paper presents a bandit-based charging framework for WP-IoT systems using mobile chargers with practical beamforming capabilities and real-time charging constraints. We explicitly consider time-varying channel state information (CSI) and impose a strict charging deadline in each round, which reflects the hard real-time constraint from the charger's limited battery capacity. We formulate a temporal-spatial charging policy that jointly determines the charging locations, durations, and beamforming configurations. Area discretization enables polynomial-time enumeration with constant approximation bounds. We then propose two online bandit algorithms for both stationary and non-stationary unknown channel state scenarios with bounded regrets. Our extensive experimental results validate that the proposed algorithms can rapidly approach the theoretical upper bound while effectively tracking the dynamic channel states for adaptive adjustment.
title Bandit-Based Charging with Beamforming for Mobile Wireless-Powered IoT Systems
topic Networking and Internet Architecture
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.11971