Thermodynamics of Heavy Quarkonium in a Bayesian Holographic QCD model

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Main Authors: Zhu, Liqiang, Luo, Ou-Yang, Chen, Xun, Zhou, Kai, Zhang, Hanzhong, Hou, Defu
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Zhu, Liqiang
Luo, Ou-Yang
Chen, Xun
Zhou, Kai
Zhang, Hanzhong
Hou, Defu
author_facet Zhu, Liqiang
Luo, Ou-Yang
Chen, Xun
Zhou, Kai
Zhang, Hanzhong
Hou, Defu
contents Leveraging high-precision lattice QCD data on the equation of state and baryon number susceptibility at vanishing chemical potential, we construct a Bayesian holographic QCD model and systematically analyze the thermodynamic properties of heavy quarkonium in QCD matter under varying temperatures and chemical potentials. We compute the quark-antiquark interquark distance, potential energy, entropy, binding energy, and internal energy. We present detailed posterior distribution results of the thermodynamic quantities of heavy quarkonium, including maximum a posteriori (MAP) value estimates and 95\% confidence levels (CL). Through numerical simulations and theoretical analysis, we find that increasing temperature and chemical potential decrease the quark distance, thereby facilitating the dissociation of heavy quarkonium and leading to suppressed potential energy. The increase in temperature and chemical potential also raise the entropy and entropy force, further accelerating the dissociation of heavy quarkonium. The calculated results of binding energy indicate that higher temperature and chemical potential enhance the tendency of heavy quarkonium to dissociate into free quarks. Internal energy also increases with rising temperature and chemical potential. These findings provide significant theoretical insights into the properties of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions and lay a solid foundation for the interpretation and validation of future experimental data. Finally, we also present the results for the free energy, entropy, and internal energy of single quark.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_12756
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Thermodynamics of Heavy Quarkonium in a Bayesian Holographic QCD model
Zhu, Liqiang
Luo, Ou-Yang
Chen, Xun
Zhou, Kai
Zhang, Hanzhong
Hou, Defu
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Leveraging high-precision lattice QCD data on the equation of state and baryon number susceptibility at vanishing chemical potential, we construct a Bayesian holographic QCD model and systematically analyze the thermodynamic properties of heavy quarkonium in QCD matter under varying temperatures and chemical potentials. We compute the quark-antiquark interquark distance, potential energy, entropy, binding energy, and internal energy. We present detailed posterior distribution results of the thermodynamic quantities of heavy quarkonium, including maximum a posteriori (MAP) value estimates and 95\% confidence levels (CL). Through numerical simulations and theoretical analysis, we find that increasing temperature and chemical potential decrease the quark distance, thereby facilitating the dissociation of heavy quarkonium and leading to suppressed potential energy. The increase in temperature and chemical potential also raise the entropy and entropy force, further accelerating the dissociation of heavy quarkonium. The calculated results of binding energy indicate that higher temperature and chemical potential enhance the tendency of heavy quarkonium to dissociate into free quarks. Internal energy also increases with rising temperature and chemical potential. These findings provide significant theoretical insights into the properties of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions and lay a solid foundation for the interpretation and validation of future experimental data. Finally, we also present the results for the free energy, entropy, and internal energy of single quark.
title Thermodynamics of Heavy Quarkonium in a Bayesian Holographic QCD model
topic High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.12756