Interactive Query Answering on Knowledge Graphs with Soft Entity Constraints

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Daza, Daniel, Bernardi, Alberto, Costabello, Luca, Gueret, Christophe, Mansoury, Masoud, Cochez, Michael, Schut, Martijn
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Daza, Daniel
Bernardi, Alberto
Costabello, Luca
Gueret, Christophe
Mansoury, Masoud
Cochez, Michael
Schut, Martijn
author_facet Daza, Daniel
Bernardi, Alberto
Costabello, Luca
Gueret, Christophe
Mansoury, Masoud
Cochez, Michael
Schut, Martijn
contents Methods for query answering over incomplete knowledge graphs retrieve entities that are likely to be answers, which is particularly useful when such answers cannot be reached by direct graph traversal due to missing edges. However, existing approaches have focused on queries formalized using first-order-logic. In practice, many real-world queries involve constraints that are inherently vague or context-dependent, such as preferences for attributes or related categories. Addressing this gap, we introduce the problem of query answering with soft constraints. We formalize the problem and introduce two efficient methods designed to adjust query answer scores by incorporating soft constraints without disrupting the original answers to a query. These methods are lightweight, requiring tuning only two parameters or a small neural network trained to capture soft constraints while maintaining the original ranking structure. To evaluate the task, we extend existing QA benchmarks by generating datasets with soft constraints. Our experiments demonstrate that our methods can capture soft constraints while maintaining robust query answering performance and adding very little overhead. With our work, we explore a new and flexible way to interact with graph databases that allows users to specify their preferences by providing examples interactively.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_13663
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Interactive Query Answering on Knowledge Graphs with Soft Entity Constraints
Daza, Daniel
Bernardi, Alberto
Costabello, Luca
Gueret, Christophe
Mansoury, Masoud
Cochez, Michael
Schut, Martijn
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Methods for query answering over incomplete knowledge graphs retrieve entities that are likely to be answers, which is particularly useful when such answers cannot be reached by direct graph traversal due to missing edges. However, existing approaches have focused on queries formalized using first-order-logic. In practice, many real-world queries involve constraints that are inherently vague or context-dependent, such as preferences for attributes or related categories. Addressing this gap, we introduce the problem of query answering with soft constraints. We formalize the problem and introduce two efficient methods designed to adjust query answer scores by incorporating soft constraints without disrupting the original answers to a query. These methods are lightweight, requiring tuning only two parameters or a small neural network trained to capture soft constraints while maintaining the original ranking structure. To evaluate the task, we extend existing QA benchmarks by generating datasets with soft constraints. Our experiments demonstrate that our methods can capture soft constraints while maintaining robust query answering performance and adding very little overhead. With our work, we explore a new and flexible way to interact with graph databases that allows users to specify their preferences by providing examples interactively.
title Interactive Query Answering on Knowledge Graphs with Soft Entity Constraints
topic Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13663