Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wang, Mengze, Sorensen, Benedikt Barthel, Sapsis, Themistoklis
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15196
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866915454584356864
author Wang, Mengze
Sorensen, Benedikt Barthel
Sapsis, Themistoklis
author_facet Wang, Mengze
Sorensen, Benedikt Barthel
Sapsis, Themistoklis
contents Accurately quantifying the increased risks of climate extremes requires generating large ensembles of climate realization across a wide range of emissions scenarios, which is computationally challenging for conventional Earth System Models. We propose GEN2, a generative prediction-correction framework for an efficient and accurate forecast of the extreme event statistics. The prediction step is constructed as a conditional Gaussian emulator, followed by a non-Gaussian machine-learning (ML) correction step. The ML model is trained on pairs of the reference data and the emulated fields nudged towards the reference, to ensure the training is robust to chaos. We first validate the accuracy of our model on historical ERA5 data and then demonstrate the extrapolation capabilities on various future climate change scenarios. When trained on a single realization of one warming scenario, our model accurately predicts the statistics of extreme events in different scenarios, successfully extrapolating beyond the distribution of training data.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_15196
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle GEN2: A Generative Prediction-Correction Framework for Long-time Emulations of Spatially-Resolved Climate Extremes
Wang, Mengze
Sorensen, Benedikt Barthel
Sapsis, Themistoklis
Computational Physics
Machine Learning
Chaotic Dynamics
Accurately quantifying the increased risks of climate extremes requires generating large ensembles of climate realization across a wide range of emissions scenarios, which is computationally challenging for conventional Earth System Models. We propose GEN2, a generative prediction-correction framework for an efficient and accurate forecast of the extreme event statistics. The prediction step is constructed as a conditional Gaussian emulator, followed by a non-Gaussian machine-learning (ML) correction step. The ML model is trained on pairs of the reference data and the emulated fields nudged towards the reference, to ensure the training is robust to chaos. We first validate the accuracy of our model on historical ERA5 data and then demonstrate the extrapolation capabilities on various future climate change scenarios. When trained on a single realization of one warming scenario, our model accurately predicts the statistics of extreme events in different scenarios, successfully extrapolating beyond the distribution of training data.
title GEN2: A Generative Prediction-Correction Framework for Long-time Emulations of Spatially-Resolved Climate Extremes
topic Computational Physics
Machine Learning
Chaotic Dynamics
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15196