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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
| Published: |
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15626 |
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| _version_ | 1866908891844968448 |
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| author | Tanghe, Clara Van Wellen, Senne Vergaerde, Kobe Van Acoleyen, Karel |
| author_facet | Tanghe, Clara Van Wellen, Senne Vergaerde, Kobe Van Acoleyen, Karel |
| contents | We propose and experimentally demonstrate a method to directly measure energy dissipation for a linearly driven superfluid confined in a harmonic trap. The method relies on a perturbed version of the harmonic-potential theorem, according to which a potential perturbation - effectively acting as a stirrer - converts center-of-mass motional energy into internal energy. Energy conservation then enables a direct, quantitative determination of the dissipated energy from measurements of the macroscopic center-of-mass observables. Applying this method to a perturbed, driven Bose-Einstein condensate, we observe dissipation curves characteristic of superfluid flow, including a critical velocity that depends on the stirrer strength, consistent with previous studies. Our results are supported by mean-field simulations, which corroborate both the theoretical framework and the experimental findings. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_15626 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Direct energy dissipation measurements for a driven superfluid via the harmonic-potential theorem Tanghe, Clara Van Wellen, Senne Vergaerde, Kobe Van Acoleyen, Karel Quantum Gases Quantum Physics We propose and experimentally demonstrate a method to directly measure energy dissipation for a linearly driven superfluid confined in a harmonic trap. The method relies on a perturbed version of the harmonic-potential theorem, according to which a potential perturbation - effectively acting as a stirrer - converts center-of-mass motional energy into internal energy. Energy conservation then enables a direct, quantitative determination of the dissipated energy from measurements of the macroscopic center-of-mass observables. Applying this method to a perturbed, driven Bose-Einstein condensate, we observe dissipation curves characteristic of superfluid flow, including a critical velocity that depends on the stirrer strength, consistent with previous studies. Our results are supported by mean-field simulations, which corroborate both the theoretical framework and the experimental findings. |
| title | Direct energy dissipation measurements for a driven superfluid via the harmonic-potential theorem |
| topic | Quantum Gases Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15626 |