LLM-empowered Dynamic Prompt Routing for Vision-Language Models Tuning under Long-Tailed Distributions

Fuente: arXiv
Enregistré dans:
Détails bibliographiques
Auteurs principaux: Jia, Yongju, Ma, Jiarui, Li, Xiangxian, Zhang, Baiqiao, Cao, Xianhui, Liu, Juan, Bian, Yulong
Format: Preprint
Publié: 2025
Sujets:
Accès en ligne:
Tags: Ajouter un tag
Pas de tags, Soyez le premier à ajouter un tag!
_version_ 1866909747765051392
author Jia, Yongju
Ma, Jiarui
Li, Xiangxian
Zhang, Baiqiao
Cao, Xianhui
Liu, Juan
Bian, Yulong
author_facet Jia, Yongju
Ma, Jiarui
Li, Xiangxian
Zhang, Baiqiao
Cao, Xianhui
Liu, Juan
Bian, Yulong
contents Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated impressive capability in visual tasks, but their fine-tuning often suffers from bias in class-imbalanced scene. Recent works have introduced large language models (LLMs) to enhance VLM fine-tuning with supplementing semantic information. However, they often overlook inherent class imbalance in VLMs' pre-training, which may lead to bias accumulation in downstream tasks. To address this problem, this paper proposes a Multi-dimensional Dynamic Prompt Routing (MDPR) framework. MDPR constructs a comprehensive knowledge base for classes, spanning five visual-semantic dimensions. During fine-tuning, the dynamic routing mechanism aligns global visual classes, retrieves optimal prompts, and balances fine-grained semantics, yielding stable predictions through logits fusion. Extensive experiments on long-tailed benchmarks, including CIFAR-LT, ImageNet-LT, and Places-LT, demonstrate that MDPR achieves comparable results with current SOTA methods. Ablation studies further confirm the effectiveness of our semantic library for tail classes, and show that our dynamic routing incurs minimal computational overhead, making MDPR a flexible and efficient enhancement for VLM fine-tuning under data imbalance.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_15688
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle LLM-empowered Dynamic Prompt Routing for Vision-Language Models Tuning under Long-Tailed Distributions
Jia, Yongju
Ma, Jiarui
Li, Xiangxian
Zhang, Baiqiao
Cao, Xianhui
Liu, Juan
Bian, Yulong
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
I.4.10
Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have demonstrated impressive capability in visual tasks, but their fine-tuning often suffers from bias in class-imbalanced scene. Recent works have introduced large language models (LLMs) to enhance VLM fine-tuning with supplementing semantic information. However, they often overlook inherent class imbalance in VLMs' pre-training, which may lead to bias accumulation in downstream tasks. To address this problem, this paper proposes a Multi-dimensional Dynamic Prompt Routing (MDPR) framework. MDPR constructs a comprehensive knowledge base for classes, spanning five visual-semantic dimensions. During fine-tuning, the dynamic routing mechanism aligns global visual classes, retrieves optimal prompts, and balances fine-grained semantics, yielding stable predictions through logits fusion. Extensive experiments on long-tailed benchmarks, including CIFAR-LT, ImageNet-LT, and Places-LT, demonstrate that MDPR achieves comparable results with current SOTA methods. Ablation studies further confirm the effectiveness of our semantic library for tail classes, and show that our dynamic routing incurs minimal computational overhead, making MDPR a flexible and efficient enhancement for VLM fine-tuning under data imbalance.
title LLM-empowered Dynamic Prompt Routing for Vision-Language Models Tuning under Long-Tailed Distributions
topic Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
I.4.10
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15688