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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15739 |
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| _version_ | 1866915650166849536 |
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| author | Ali, Fawad A., Carlos García Hejazi-Nooghabi, Aida Boschi, Lapo |
| author_facet | Ali, Fawad A., Carlos García Hejazi-Nooghabi, Aida Boschi, Lapo |
| contents | The sound-localization and, in particular, biosonar system of toothed whales is exceptionally performant. How this is achieved is not clear, given that: (i) toothed whales have no pinnae; (ii) while their auditory pathways have been studied in detail, no specific feature apparently replacing the pinna has been identified. In this study, we employ a pseudo-spectral time domain (PSTD) numerical scheme to model three-dimensional elastic wave propagation through a toothed-whale head including soft tissues. Computed tomography (CT) scans were utilized to build a three-dimensional velocity-density model of the specimen's head, parametrized on a high-resolution $1.11$ mm voxel grid. We first validate our wave propagation solver, identifying a range of frequencies and spatial scale lengths where the PSTD scheme captures the complexities of elastic wave propagation through toothed-whale anatomy. We next focus on the toothed whale's ability to locate sources on the median plane, where the role of anatomy is crucial. A 45 kHz central frequency burst (dolphin-like click) was modeled and directed at elevation angles from $-90^\circ$ to $+90^\circ$ in $5^\circ$ steps along the midsagittal plane. We find that the incoming sound can be localized, via correlation, from the reverberated portion of the time-domain waveforms recorded at the tympano-periotic complex locations. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_15739 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Pseudo-spectral model of elastic-wave propagation through toothed-whale head anatomy, and implications for biosonar Ali, Fawad A., Carlos García Hejazi-Nooghabi, Aida Boschi, Lapo Computational Physics Medical Physics The sound-localization and, in particular, biosonar system of toothed whales is exceptionally performant. How this is achieved is not clear, given that: (i) toothed whales have no pinnae; (ii) while their auditory pathways have been studied in detail, no specific feature apparently replacing the pinna has been identified. In this study, we employ a pseudo-spectral time domain (PSTD) numerical scheme to model three-dimensional elastic wave propagation through a toothed-whale head including soft tissues. Computed tomography (CT) scans were utilized to build a three-dimensional velocity-density model of the specimen's head, parametrized on a high-resolution $1.11$ mm voxel grid. We first validate our wave propagation solver, identifying a range of frequencies and spatial scale lengths where the PSTD scheme captures the complexities of elastic wave propagation through toothed-whale anatomy. We next focus on the toothed whale's ability to locate sources on the median plane, where the role of anatomy is crucial. A 45 kHz central frequency burst (dolphin-like click) was modeled and directed at elevation angles from $-90^\circ$ to $+90^\circ$ in $5^\circ$ steps along the midsagittal plane. We find that the incoming sound can be localized, via correlation, from the reverberated portion of the time-domain waveforms recorded at the tympano-periotic complex locations. |
| title | Pseudo-spectral model of elastic-wave propagation through toothed-whale head anatomy, and implications for biosonar |
| topic | Computational Physics Medical Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15739 |