Detecting Multilevel Manipulation from Limit Order Book via Cascaded Contrastive Representation Learning

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Lin, Yushi, Yang, Peng
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Lin, Yushi
Yang, Peng
author_facet Lin, Yushi
Yang, Peng
contents Trade-based manipulation (TBM) undermines the fairness and stability of financial markets drastically. Spoofing, one of the most covert and deceptive TBM strategies, exhibits complex anomaly patterns across multilevel prices, while often being simplified as a single-level manipulation. These patterns are usually concealed within the rich, hierarchical information of the Limit Order Book (LOB), which is challenging to leverage due to high dimensionality and noise. To address this, we propose a representation learning framework combining a cascaded LOB representation architecture with supervised contrastive learning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework consistently improves detection performance across diverse models, with Transformer-based architectures achieving state-of-the-art results. In addition, we conduct systematic analyses and ablation studies to investigate multilevel manipulation and the contributions of key components for detection, offering broader insights into representation learning and anomaly detection for complex time series data.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_17086
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Detecting Multilevel Manipulation from Limit Order Book via Cascaded Contrastive Representation Learning
Lin, Yushi
Yang, Peng
Computational Finance
Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
Machine Learning
Trading and Market Microstructure
Trade-based manipulation (TBM) undermines the fairness and stability of financial markets drastically. Spoofing, one of the most covert and deceptive TBM strategies, exhibits complex anomaly patterns across multilevel prices, while often being simplified as a single-level manipulation. These patterns are usually concealed within the rich, hierarchical information of the Limit Order Book (LOB), which is challenging to leverage due to high dimensionality and noise. To address this, we propose a representation learning framework combining a cascaded LOB representation architecture with supervised contrastive learning. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework consistently improves detection performance across diverse models, with Transformer-based architectures achieving state-of-the-art results. In addition, we conduct systematic analyses and ablation studies to investigate multilevel manipulation and the contributions of key components for detection, offering broader insights into representation learning and anomaly detection for complex time series data.
title Detecting Multilevel Manipulation from Limit Order Book via Cascaded Contrastive Representation Learning
topic Computational Finance
Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
Machine Learning
Trading and Market Microstructure
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.17086