A bi-effect model of muon deflections in air showers

Fuente: arXiv
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Main Authors: Wu, Si-Zhe, Zhang, Chao, Liu, Ruo-Yu, Tian, Xi-Shui, Li, Zhuo
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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_version_ 1866912554341629952
author Wu, Si-Zhe
Zhang, Chao
Liu, Ruo-Yu
Tian, Xi-Shui
Li, Zhuo
author_facet Wu, Si-Zhe
Zhang, Chao
Liu, Ruo-Yu
Tian, Xi-Shui
Li, Zhuo
contents Recent progress has shown that the geomagnetic field exerts a more significant impact than expected on the behavior of charged secondary particles in inclined air showers. In this study, we for the first time combine it with atmospheric effects to construct a bi-effect model, aiming to investigate the lateral distribution of particles on the ground plane. Despite the complex physical interactions during the development of air showers, a simple formula can describe the overall deflection of $μ^{\pm}$ and accurately fit the deflection in simulated air showers, thereby validating the hypotheses about these effects in this study. Furthermore, we have obtained the relationship between model parameters and primary particle information for different experimental sites. This new model is highly successful and is promising to provide new insights for improving detector layout design and air shower reconstruction.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_17475
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle A bi-effect model of muon deflections in air showers
Wu, Si-Zhe
Zhang, Chao
Liu, Ruo-Yu
Tian, Xi-Shui
Li, Zhuo
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Recent progress has shown that the geomagnetic field exerts a more significant impact than expected on the behavior of charged secondary particles in inclined air showers. In this study, we for the first time combine it with atmospheric effects to construct a bi-effect model, aiming to investigate the lateral distribution of particles on the ground plane. Despite the complex physical interactions during the development of air showers, a simple formula can describe the overall deflection of $μ^{\pm}$ and accurately fit the deflection in simulated air showers, thereby validating the hypotheses about these effects in this study. Furthermore, we have obtained the relationship between model parameters and primary particle information for different experimental sites. This new model is highly successful and is promising to provide new insights for improving detector layout design and air shower reconstruction.
title A bi-effect model of muon deflections in air showers
topic High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.17475