Broadband, Flexible, Skin-Compatible Carbon Dots/Graphene Photodetectors for Wearable Applications
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Preprint |
| Publicado: |
2025
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| author | Loudhaief, Nouha Rozhin, Petr Bertuol, Ilaria Raza, Ali Viti, Leonardo Roy, Subhankar Cavarzerani, Enrico Sbuelz, Luca Brilli, Matteo Serinolli, Andrea Nicoletti, Jacopo Piccoli, Riccardo Castilla, Sebastián Zilio, Simone Dal Vitiello, Miriam Serena Selva, Maurizio Rizzolio, Flavio Perosa, Alvise Salvatore, Giovanni Antonio De Fazio, Domenico |
| author_facet | Loudhaief, Nouha Rozhin, Petr Bertuol, Ilaria Raza, Ali Viti, Leonardo Roy, Subhankar Cavarzerani, Enrico Sbuelz, Luca Brilli, Matteo Serinolli, Andrea Nicoletti, Jacopo Piccoli, Riccardo Castilla, Sebastián Zilio, Simone Dal Vitiello, Miriam Serena Selva, Maurizio Rizzolio, Flavio Perosa, Alvise Salvatore, Giovanni Antonio De Fazio, Domenico |
| contents | The development of wearable photodetectors demands a unique combination of broadband optical sensitivity, mechanical flexibility, and skin-compatibility, with these requirements rarely met simultaneously by existing technologies. Here, we present photodetectors that combine all of these performances. This is achieved by integrating carbon dots, engineered for extended ultraviolet-to-near-infrared absorption, with single-layer graphene transferred onto a plastic substrate. Unlike traditional quantum dot systems, our carbon dots achieve a broad ultraviolet-to-near-infrared response without toxic heavy metals. Graphene provides an efficient channel for charge transport, while a biocompatible chitosan-glycerol electrolyte enables efficient, low-voltage carrier modulation, with peak performance at approximately 0.5 V gate bias. The resulting photodetectors exhibit a broadband photoresponse with responsivities of approximately 0.19 A/W at 406 nm, 0.32 A/W at 642 nm, and 0.18 A/W at 785 nm. They maintain consistent performance at a bending radius of 0.8 cm with negligible degradation after repeated cycles. Furthermore, skin-compatibility assessments using the SkinEthic model confirm the non-toxic nature and suitability of our devices for direct skin contact. The combination of broadband absorption (400-800 nm), flexibility, and skin-compatibility, along with low-voltage operation ($<$ 1.5 V), positions our photodetectors as promising building blocks for next-generation wearable optoelectronics. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_18156 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Broadband, Flexible, Skin-Compatible Carbon Dots/Graphene Photodetectors for Wearable Applications Loudhaief, Nouha Rozhin, Petr Bertuol, Ilaria Raza, Ali Viti, Leonardo Roy, Subhankar Cavarzerani, Enrico Sbuelz, Luca Brilli, Matteo Serinolli, Andrea Nicoletti, Jacopo Piccoli, Riccardo Castilla, Sebastián Zilio, Simone Dal Vitiello, Miriam Serena Selva, Maurizio Rizzolio, Flavio Perosa, Alvise Salvatore, Giovanni Antonio De Fazio, Domenico Other Condensed Matter The development of wearable photodetectors demands a unique combination of broadband optical sensitivity, mechanical flexibility, and skin-compatibility, with these requirements rarely met simultaneously by existing technologies. Here, we present photodetectors that combine all of these performances. This is achieved by integrating carbon dots, engineered for extended ultraviolet-to-near-infrared absorption, with single-layer graphene transferred onto a plastic substrate. Unlike traditional quantum dot systems, our carbon dots achieve a broad ultraviolet-to-near-infrared response without toxic heavy metals. Graphene provides an efficient channel for charge transport, while a biocompatible chitosan-glycerol electrolyte enables efficient, low-voltage carrier modulation, with peak performance at approximately 0.5 V gate bias. The resulting photodetectors exhibit a broadband photoresponse with responsivities of approximately 0.19 A/W at 406 nm, 0.32 A/W at 642 nm, and 0.18 A/W at 785 nm. They maintain consistent performance at a bending radius of 0.8 cm with negligible degradation after repeated cycles. Furthermore, skin-compatibility assessments using the SkinEthic model confirm the non-toxic nature and suitability of our devices for direct skin contact. The combination of broadband absorption (400-800 nm), flexibility, and skin-compatibility, along with low-voltage operation ($<$ 1.5 V), positions our photodetectors as promising building blocks for next-generation wearable optoelectronics. |
| title | Broadband, Flexible, Skin-Compatible Carbon Dots/Graphene Photodetectors for Wearable Applications |
| topic | Other Condensed Matter |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18156 |