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| Format: | Preprint |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2025
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| Online-Zugang: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19187 |
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| _version_ | 1866914006926622720 |
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| author | Znak, Pavel Gajewski, Dirk |
| author_facet | Znak, Pavel Gajewski, Dirk |
| contents | Various underground anomalies, both natural and artificial, cause diffraction of high-frequency seismic and electromagnetic pulses emitted from the earth's surface. Backscattered, they are registered by seismic sensors and ground-penetrating radars. Most of these signals can be categorized as either point or edge diffraction. Despite the abundance of linear structures in geological formations and among buried anthropogenic objects, diffraction processing often relies on the idea of point diffraction. However, 3-D edge diffractions have unique properties that need to be exploited. We show that the mixed source-receiver traveltime derivatives, available from data, identify edge diffractions at arbitrary offsets. Additionally, they constitute a system of ordinary differential equations describing finite-offset focusing curves on the acquisition surface. Such curves enable sorting of the data into fragments that focus on specific points on the edge. To confirm and demonstrate these properties, we derive an exact traveltime formula for a straight diffractor in a homogeneous medium. We refer to it as the triple-square-root moveout in analogy to the double-square-root moveout of 2-D diffractions. Since it represents a potentially useful approximation, we compare it with standard moveouts and wave modeling. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_19187 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Traveltime signature of 3-D edge diffractions exemplified by triple-square-root moveout Znak, Pavel Gajewski, Dirk Geophysics Various underground anomalies, both natural and artificial, cause diffraction of high-frequency seismic and electromagnetic pulses emitted from the earth's surface. Backscattered, they are registered by seismic sensors and ground-penetrating radars. Most of these signals can be categorized as either point or edge diffraction. Despite the abundance of linear structures in geological formations and among buried anthropogenic objects, diffraction processing often relies on the idea of point diffraction. However, 3-D edge diffractions have unique properties that need to be exploited. We show that the mixed source-receiver traveltime derivatives, available from data, identify edge diffractions at arbitrary offsets. Additionally, they constitute a system of ordinary differential equations describing finite-offset focusing curves on the acquisition surface. Such curves enable sorting of the data into fragments that focus on specific points on the edge. To confirm and demonstrate these properties, we derive an exact traveltime formula for a straight diffractor in a homogeneous medium. We refer to it as the triple-square-root moveout in analogy to the double-square-root moveout of 2-D diffractions. Since it represents a potentially useful approximation, we compare it with standard moveouts and wave modeling. |
| title | Traveltime signature of 3-D edge diffractions exemplified by triple-square-root moveout |
| topic | Geophysics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.19187 |