Deep Reinforcement Learning for Optimal Asset Allocation Using DDPG with TiDE

Fuente: arXiv
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Autores principales: Liu, Rongwei, Zheng, Jin, Cartlidge, John
Formato: Preprint
Publicado: 2025
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author Liu, Rongwei
Zheng, Jin
Cartlidge, John
author_facet Liu, Rongwei
Zheng, Jin
Cartlidge, John
contents The optimal asset allocation between risky and risk-free assets is a persistent challenge due to the inherent volatility in financial markets. Conventional methods rely on strict distributional assumptions or non-additive reward ratios, which limit their robustness and applicability to investment goals. To overcome these constraints, this study formulates the optimal two-asset allocation problem as a sequential decision-making task within a Markov Decision Process (MDP). This framework enables the application of reinforcement learning (RL) mechanisms to develop dynamic policies based on simulated financial scenarios, regardless of prerequisites. We use the Kelly criterion to balance immediate reward signals against long-term investment objectives, and we take the novel step of integrating the Time-series Dense Encoder (TiDE) into the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) RL framework for continuous decision-making. We compare DDPG-TiDE with a simple discrete-action Q-learning RL framework and a passive buy-and-hold investment strategy. Empirical results show that DDPG-TiDE outperforms Q-learning and generates higher risk adjusted returns than buy-and-hold. These findings suggest that tackling the optimal asset allocation problem by integrating TiDE within a DDPG reinforcement learning framework is a fruitful avenue for further exploration.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_20103
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Deep Reinforcement Learning for Optimal Asset Allocation Using DDPG with TiDE
Liu, Rongwei
Zheng, Jin
Cartlidge, John
Portfolio Management
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Risk Management
The optimal asset allocation between risky and risk-free assets is a persistent challenge due to the inherent volatility in financial markets. Conventional methods rely on strict distributional assumptions or non-additive reward ratios, which limit their robustness and applicability to investment goals. To overcome these constraints, this study formulates the optimal two-asset allocation problem as a sequential decision-making task within a Markov Decision Process (MDP). This framework enables the application of reinforcement learning (RL) mechanisms to develop dynamic policies based on simulated financial scenarios, regardless of prerequisites. We use the Kelly criterion to balance immediate reward signals against long-term investment objectives, and we take the novel step of integrating the Time-series Dense Encoder (TiDE) into the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) RL framework for continuous decision-making. We compare DDPG-TiDE with a simple discrete-action Q-learning RL framework and a passive buy-and-hold investment strategy. Empirical results show that DDPG-TiDE outperforms Q-learning and generates higher risk adjusted returns than buy-and-hold. These findings suggest that tackling the optimal asset allocation problem by integrating TiDE within a DDPG reinforcement learning framework is a fruitful avenue for further exploration.
title Deep Reinforcement Learning for Optimal Asset Allocation Using DDPG with TiDE
topic Portfolio Management
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
Risk Management
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20103