_version_ 1866915502261010432
author Heydari, A. Ali
Gu, Ken
Srinivas, Vidya
Yu, Hong
Zhang, Zhihan
Zhang, Yuwei
Paruchuri, Akshay
He, Qian
Palangi, Hamid
Hammerquist, Nova
Metwally, Ahmed A.
Winslow, Brent
Kim, Yubin
Ayush, Kumar
Yang, Yuzhe
Narayanswamy, Girish
Xu, Maxwell A.
Garrison, Jake
Lee, Amy Armento
Vafeiadou, Jenny
Graef, Ben
Galatzer-Levy, Isaac R.
Schenck, Erik
Barakat, Andrew
Perez, Javier
Shreibati, Jacqueline
Hernandez, John
Faranesh, Anthony Z.
Prieto, Javier L.
Heneghan, Connor
Liu, Yun
Zhan, Jiening
Malhotra, Mark
Patel, Shwetak
Althoff, Tim
Liu, Xin
McDuff, Daniel
Xu, Xuhai "Orson"
author_facet Heydari, A. Ali
Gu, Ken
Srinivas, Vidya
Yu, Hong
Zhang, Zhihan
Zhang, Yuwei
Paruchuri, Akshay
He, Qian
Palangi, Hamid
Hammerquist, Nova
Metwally, Ahmed A.
Winslow, Brent
Kim, Yubin
Ayush, Kumar
Yang, Yuzhe
Narayanswamy, Girish
Xu, Maxwell A.
Garrison, Jake
Lee, Amy Armento
Vafeiadou, Jenny
Graef, Ben
Galatzer-Levy, Isaac R.
Schenck, Erik
Barakat, Andrew
Perez, Javier
Shreibati, Jacqueline
Hernandez, John
Faranesh, Anthony Z.
Prieto, Javier L.
Heneghan, Connor
Liu, Yun
Zhan, Jiening
Malhotra, Mark
Patel, Shwetak
Althoff, Tim
Liu, Xin
McDuff, Daniel
Xu, Xuhai "Orson"
contents Health is a fundamental pillar of human wellness, and the rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have driven the development of a new generation of health agents. However, the application of health agents to fulfill the diverse needs of individuals in daily non-clinical settings is underexplored. In this work, we aim to build a comprehensive personal health agent that is able to reason about multimodal data from everyday consumer wellness devices and common personal health records, and provide personalized health recommendations. To understand end-users' needs when interacting with such an assistant, we conducted an in-depth analysis of web search and health forum queries, alongside qualitative insights from users and health experts gathered through a user-centered design process. Based on these findings, we identified three major categories of consumer health needs, each of which is supported by a specialist sub-agent: (1) a data science agent that analyzes personal time-series wearable and health record data, (2) a health domain expert agent that integrates users' health and contextual data to generate accurate, personalized insights, and (3) a health coach agent that synthesizes data insights, guiding users using a specified psychological strategy and tracking users' progress. Furthermore, we propose and develop the Personal Health Agent (PHA), a multi-agent framework that enables dynamic, personalized interactions to address individual health needs. To evaluate each sub-agent and the multi-agent system, we conducted automated and human evaluations across 10 benchmark tasks, involving more than 7,000 annotations and 1,100 hours of effort from health experts and end-users. Our work represents the most comprehensive evaluation of a health agent to date and establishes a strong foundation towards the futuristic vision of a personal health agent accessible to everyone.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_20148
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle The Anatomy of a Personal Health Agent
Heydari, A. Ali
Gu, Ken
Srinivas, Vidya
Yu, Hong
Zhang, Zhihan
Zhang, Yuwei
Paruchuri, Akshay
He, Qian
Palangi, Hamid
Hammerquist, Nova
Metwally, Ahmed A.
Winslow, Brent
Kim, Yubin
Ayush, Kumar
Yang, Yuzhe
Narayanswamy, Girish
Xu, Maxwell A.
Garrison, Jake
Lee, Amy Armento
Vafeiadou, Jenny
Graef, Ben
Galatzer-Levy, Isaac R.
Schenck, Erik
Barakat, Andrew
Perez, Javier
Shreibati, Jacqueline
Hernandez, John
Faranesh, Anthony Z.
Prieto, Javier L.
Heneghan, Connor
Liu, Yun
Zhan, Jiening
Malhotra, Mark
Patel, Shwetak
Althoff, Tim
Liu, Xin
McDuff, Daniel
Xu, Xuhai "Orson"
Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
Multiagent Systems
Health is a fundamental pillar of human wellness, and the rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have driven the development of a new generation of health agents. However, the application of health agents to fulfill the diverse needs of individuals in daily non-clinical settings is underexplored. In this work, we aim to build a comprehensive personal health agent that is able to reason about multimodal data from everyday consumer wellness devices and common personal health records, and provide personalized health recommendations. To understand end-users' needs when interacting with such an assistant, we conducted an in-depth analysis of web search and health forum queries, alongside qualitative insights from users and health experts gathered through a user-centered design process. Based on these findings, we identified three major categories of consumer health needs, each of which is supported by a specialist sub-agent: (1) a data science agent that analyzes personal time-series wearable and health record data, (2) a health domain expert agent that integrates users' health and contextual data to generate accurate, personalized insights, and (3) a health coach agent that synthesizes data insights, guiding users using a specified psychological strategy and tracking users' progress. Furthermore, we propose and develop the Personal Health Agent (PHA), a multi-agent framework that enables dynamic, personalized interactions to address individual health needs. To evaluate each sub-agent and the multi-agent system, we conducted automated and human evaluations across 10 benchmark tasks, involving more than 7,000 annotations and 1,100 hours of effort from health experts and end-users. Our work represents the most comprehensive evaluation of a health agent to date and establishes a strong foundation towards the futuristic vision of a personal health agent accessible to everyone.
title The Anatomy of a Personal Health Agent
topic Artificial Intelligence
Human-Computer Interaction
Multiagent Systems
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20148