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| Autori principali: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Preprint |
| Pubblicazione: |
2025
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| Soggetti: | |
| Accesso online: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20759 |
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| _version_ | 1866911127785439232 |
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| author | Wang, Ziting Ge, Zi-Yong Shi, Yun-Hao Wang, Zheng-An Zhou, Si-Yun Li, Hao Zhao, Kui Xu, Yue-Shan Ma, Wei-Guo Liu, Hao-Tian Fang, Cai-Ping Song, Jia-Cheng Li, Tian-Ming Zhang, Jia-Chi Liu, Yu Deng, Cheng-Lin Xue, Guangming Yu, Haifeng Xu, Kai Huang, Kaixuan Nori, Franco Fan, Heng |
| author_facet | Wang, Ziting Ge, Zi-Yong Shi, Yun-Hao Wang, Zheng-An Zhou, Si-Yun Li, Hao Zhao, Kui Xu, Yue-Shan Ma, Wei-Guo Liu, Hao-Tian Fang, Cai-Ping Song, Jia-Cheng Li, Tian-Ming Zhang, Jia-Chi Liu, Yu Deng, Cheng-Lin Xue, Guangming Yu, Haifeng Xu, Kai Huang, Kaixuan Nori, Franco Fan, Heng |
| contents | Lattice gauge theories provide a non-perturbative framework for understanding confinement and hadronic physics, but their real-time dynamics remain challenging for classical computations. However, quantum simulators offer a promising alternative for exploring such dynamics beyond classical capabilities. Here, we experimentally investigate meson scattering using a superconducting quantum processor. Employing a digital protocol, we realize a Floquet spin chain equivalent to a one-dimensional Floquet $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory. We observe Bloch oscillations of single kinks and strong binding between adjacent kinks, signaling confinement and the formation of stable mesons in this Floquet system. Using full-system joint readout, we resolve meson populations by string length, enabling identification of meson scattering channels. Our results reveal the fragmentation of a long-string meson into multiple short-string mesons, which is also an experimental signature of string breaking. Moreover, we directly observe inelastic meson scattering, where two short-string mesons can merge into a longer one. Our results pave the way for studying interacting gauge particles and composite excitations on digital quantum simulators. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_20759 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Observation of Inelastic Meson Scattering in a Floquet System using a Digital Quantum Simulator Wang, Ziting Ge, Zi-Yong Shi, Yun-Hao Wang, Zheng-An Zhou, Si-Yun Li, Hao Zhao, Kui Xu, Yue-Shan Ma, Wei-Guo Liu, Hao-Tian Fang, Cai-Ping Song, Jia-Cheng Li, Tian-Ming Zhang, Jia-Chi Liu, Yu Deng, Cheng-Lin Xue, Guangming Yu, Haifeng Xu, Kai Huang, Kaixuan Nori, Franco Fan, Heng Quantum Physics Lattice gauge theories provide a non-perturbative framework for understanding confinement and hadronic physics, but their real-time dynamics remain challenging for classical computations. However, quantum simulators offer a promising alternative for exploring such dynamics beyond classical capabilities. Here, we experimentally investigate meson scattering using a superconducting quantum processor. Employing a digital protocol, we realize a Floquet spin chain equivalent to a one-dimensional Floquet $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory. We observe Bloch oscillations of single kinks and strong binding between adjacent kinks, signaling confinement and the formation of stable mesons in this Floquet system. Using full-system joint readout, we resolve meson populations by string length, enabling identification of meson scattering channels. Our results reveal the fragmentation of a long-string meson into multiple short-string mesons, which is also an experimental signature of string breaking. Moreover, we directly observe inelastic meson scattering, where two short-string mesons can merge into a longer one. Our results pave the way for studying interacting gauge particles and composite excitations on digital quantum simulators. |
| title | Observation of Inelastic Meson Scattering in a Floquet System using a Digital Quantum Simulator |
| topic | Quantum Physics |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20759 |