How Can Input Reformulation Improve Tool Usage Accuracy in a Complex Dynamic Environment? A Study on $τ$-bench

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Main Authors: Mishra, Venkatesh, Saeidi, Amir, Raj, Satyam, Nakamura, Mutsumi, Srinivasa, Jayanth, Liu, Gaowen, Payani, Ali, Baral, Chitta
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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author Mishra, Venkatesh
Saeidi, Amir
Raj, Satyam
Nakamura, Mutsumi
Srinivasa, Jayanth
Liu, Gaowen
Payani, Ali
Baral, Chitta
author_facet Mishra, Venkatesh
Saeidi, Amir
Raj, Satyam
Nakamura, Mutsumi
Srinivasa, Jayanth
Liu, Gaowen
Payani, Ali
Baral, Chitta
contents Recent advances in reasoning and planning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have enabled their potential as autonomous agents capable of tool use in dynamic environments. However, in multi-turn conversational environments like $τ$-bench, these agents often struggle with consistent reasoning, adherence to domain-specific policies, and extracting correct information over a long horizon of tool-calls and conversation. To capture and mitigate these failures, we conduct a comprehensive manual analysis of the common errors occurring in the conversation trajectories. We then experiment with reformulations of inputs to the tool-calling agent for improvement in agent decision making. Finally, we propose the Input-Reformulation Multi-Agent (IRMA) framework, which automatically reformulates user queries augmented with relevant domain rules and tool suggestions for the tool-calling agent to focus on. The results show that IRMA significantly outperforms ReAct, Function Calling, and Self-Reflection by 16.1%, 12.7%, and 19.1%, respectively, in overall pass^5 scores. These findings highlight the superior reliability and consistency of IRMA compared to other methods in dynamic environments.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_20931
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle How Can Input Reformulation Improve Tool Usage Accuracy in a Complex Dynamic Environment? A Study on $τ$-bench
Mishra, Venkatesh
Saeidi, Amir
Raj, Satyam
Nakamura, Mutsumi
Srinivasa, Jayanth
Liu, Gaowen
Payani, Ali
Baral, Chitta
Computation and Language
Recent advances in reasoning and planning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have enabled their potential as autonomous agents capable of tool use in dynamic environments. However, in multi-turn conversational environments like $τ$-bench, these agents often struggle with consistent reasoning, adherence to domain-specific policies, and extracting correct information over a long horizon of tool-calls and conversation. To capture and mitigate these failures, we conduct a comprehensive manual analysis of the common errors occurring in the conversation trajectories. We then experiment with reformulations of inputs to the tool-calling agent for improvement in agent decision making. Finally, we propose the Input-Reformulation Multi-Agent (IRMA) framework, which automatically reformulates user queries augmented with relevant domain rules and tool suggestions for the tool-calling agent to focus on. The results show that IRMA significantly outperforms ReAct, Function Calling, and Self-Reflection by 16.1%, 12.7%, and 19.1%, respectively, in overall pass^5 scores. These findings highlight the superior reliability and consistency of IRMA compared to other methods in dynamic environments.
title How Can Input Reformulation Improve Tool Usage Accuracy in a Complex Dynamic Environment? A Study on $τ$-bench
topic Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.20931