Challenges and Applications of Large Language Models: A Comparison of GPT and DeepSeek family of models

Fuente: arXiv
Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sharma, Shubham, Tuli, Sneha, Badam, Narendra
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1866912558881964032
author Sharma, Shubham
Tuli, Sneha
Badam, Narendra
author_facet Sharma, Shubham
Tuli, Sneha
Badam, Narendra
contents Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming AI across industries, but their development and deployment remain complex. This survey reviews 16 key challenges in building and using LLMs and examines how these challenges are addressed by two state-of-the-art models with unique approaches: OpenAI's closed source GPT-4o (May 2024 update) and DeepSeek-V3-0324 (March 2025), a large open source Mixture-of-Experts model. Through this comparison, we showcase the trade-offs between closed source models (robust safety, fine-tuned reliability) and open source models (efficiency, adaptability). We also explore LLM applications across different domains (from chatbots and coding tools to healthcare and education), highlighting which model attributes are best suited for each use case. This article aims to guide AI researchers, developers, and decision-makers in understanding current LLM capabilities, limitations, and best practices.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_21377
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Challenges and Applications of Large Language Models: A Comparison of GPT and DeepSeek family of models
Sharma, Shubham
Tuli, Sneha
Badam, Narendra
Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
68T50, 68T07
I.2.7; I.2.6; H.3.3
Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming AI across industries, but their development and deployment remain complex. This survey reviews 16 key challenges in building and using LLMs and examines how these challenges are addressed by two state-of-the-art models with unique approaches: OpenAI's closed source GPT-4o (May 2024 update) and DeepSeek-V3-0324 (March 2025), a large open source Mixture-of-Experts model. Through this comparison, we showcase the trade-offs between closed source models (robust safety, fine-tuned reliability) and open source models (efficiency, adaptability). We also explore LLM applications across different domains (from chatbots and coding tools to healthcare and education), highlighting which model attributes are best suited for each use case. This article aims to guide AI researchers, developers, and decision-makers in understanding current LLM capabilities, limitations, and best practices.
title Challenges and Applications of Large Language Models: A Comparison of GPT and DeepSeek family of models
topic Computation and Language
Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
68T50, 68T07
I.2.7; I.2.6; H.3.3
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21377