Simulating Gadolinium-Induced Magnetic Field Variations for Temperature Sensing with Magneto-Mechanical Resonators

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Main Authors: Faltinath, Jonas, Schmitz, Miriam, Foerger, Fynn, Möddel, Martin, Knopp, Tobias
Format: Preprint
Published: 2025
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_version_ 1866908789535408128
author Faltinath, Jonas
Schmitz, Miriam
Foerger, Fynn
Möddel, Martin
Knopp, Tobias
author_facet Faltinath, Jonas
Schmitz, Miriam
Foerger, Fynn
Möddel, Martin
Knopp, Tobias
contents Small-size magneto-mechanical resonators (MMR) represent an emerging class of passive, wireless sensors that combine a sensing functionality with a tracking option. The operation principle is based on a resonating rotor oscillation whose frequency is defined by the magnetic flux density of a stator magnet. One general sensing mechanism is the coupling of an external parameter to this resonator frequency. In this study, we investigate an approach for encoding a temperature information as a shift in the natural oscillation frequency utilizing the temperature-dependent magnetic properties of gadolinium (Gd). We perform an isolated simulation study on the temperature scaling of the magnetic field generation for stators coated with Gd of varying thickness. Our results show that the magnetic phase transition of Gd at its Curie temperature leads to a pronounced change in the magnetic permeability enabling a significant magnetic shielding behavior only for lower temperatures. In the transition regime, we find a peak sensitivity reaching 45.8 Hz/K exceeding existing values from the literature by up to a factor of $\sim$ 20. The findings of this work are an important step toward quantitative high-sensitivity temperature extraction with MMRs.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2508_21794
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Simulating Gadolinium-Induced Magnetic Field Variations for Temperature Sensing with Magneto-Mechanical Resonators
Faltinath, Jonas
Schmitz, Miriam
Foerger, Fynn
Möddel, Martin
Knopp, Tobias
Applied Physics
Instrumentation and Detectors
Small-size magneto-mechanical resonators (MMR) represent an emerging class of passive, wireless sensors that combine a sensing functionality with a tracking option. The operation principle is based on a resonating rotor oscillation whose frequency is defined by the magnetic flux density of a stator magnet. One general sensing mechanism is the coupling of an external parameter to this resonator frequency. In this study, we investigate an approach for encoding a temperature information as a shift in the natural oscillation frequency utilizing the temperature-dependent magnetic properties of gadolinium (Gd). We perform an isolated simulation study on the temperature scaling of the magnetic field generation for stators coated with Gd of varying thickness. Our results show that the magnetic phase transition of Gd at its Curie temperature leads to a pronounced change in the magnetic permeability enabling a significant magnetic shielding behavior only for lower temperatures. In the transition regime, we find a peak sensitivity reaching 45.8 Hz/K exceeding existing values from the literature by up to a factor of $\sim$ 20. The findings of this work are an important step toward quantitative high-sensitivity temperature extraction with MMRs.
title Simulating Gadolinium-Induced Magnetic Field Variations for Temperature Sensing with Magneto-Mechanical Resonators
topic Applied Physics
Instrumentation and Detectors
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21794