Evaluating Cumulative Spectral Gradient as a Complexity Measure

Fuente: arXiv
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Autori principali: Gul, Haji, Naim, Abdul Ghani, Bhat, Ajaz Ahmad
Natura: Preprint
Pubblicazione: 2025
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author Gul, Haji
Naim, Abdul Ghani
Bhat, Ajaz Ahmad
author_facet Gul, Haji
Naim, Abdul Ghani
Bhat, Ajaz Ahmad
contents Accurate estimation of dataset complexity is crucial for evaluating and comparing link prediction models for knowledge graphs (KGs). The Cumulative Spectral Gradient (CSG) metric derived from probabilistic divergence between classes within a spectral clustering framework was proposed as a dataset complexity measure that (1) naturally scales with the number of classes and (2) correlates strongly with downstream classification performance. In this work, we rigorously assess CSG behavior on standard knowledge graph link prediction benchmarks a multi class tail prediction task, using two key parameters governing its computation, M, the number of Monte Carlo sampled points per class, and K, the number of nearest neighbors in the embedding space. Contrary to the original claims, we find that (1) CSG is highly sensitive to the choice of K and therefore does not inherently scale with the number of target classes, and (2) CSG values exhibit weak or no correlation with established performance metrics such as mean reciprocal rank (MRR). Through experiments on FB15k 237, WN18RR, and other standard datasets, we demonstrate that CSG purported stability and generalization predictive power break down in link prediction settings. Our results highlight the need for more robust, classifier agnostic complexity measures in KG link prediction evaluation.
format Preprint
id arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_02399
institution arXiv
publishDate 2025
record_format arxiv
spellingShingle Evaluating Cumulative Spectral Gradient as a Complexity Measure
Gul, Haji
Naim, Abdul Ghani
Bhat, Ajaz Ahmad
Machine Learning
Computation and Language
Accurate estimation of dataset complexity is crucial for evaluating and comparing link prediction models for knowledge graphs (KGs). The Cumulative Spectral Gradient (CSG) metric derived from probabilistic divergence between classes within a spectral clustering framework was proposed as a dataset complexity measure that (1) naturally scales with the number of classes and (2) correlates strongly with downstream classification performance. In this work, we rigorously assess CSG behavior on standard knowledge graph link prediction benchmarks a multi class tail prediction task, using two key parameters governing its computation, M, the number of Monte Carlo sampled points per class, and K, the number of nearest neighbors in the embedding space. Contrary to the original claims, we find that (1) CSG is highly sensitive to the choice of K and therefore does not inherently scale with the number of target classes, and (2) CSG values exhibit weak or no correlation with established performance metrics such as mean reciprocal rank (MRR). Through experiments on FB15k 237, WN18RR, and other standard datasets, we demonstrate that CSG purported stability and generalization predictive power break down in link prediction settings. Our results highlight the need for more robust, classifier agnostic complexity measures in KG link prediction evaluation.
title Evaluating Cumulative Spectral Gradient as a Complexity Measure
topic Machine Learning
Computation and Language
url https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02399