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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| Online Access: | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02441 |
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| _version_ | 1866915475118620672 |
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| author | Roriz, M. P. Drake, N. A. Holanda, N. Lugaro, M. Cseh, B. Junqueira, S. Pereira, C. B. |
| author_facet | Roriz, M. P. Drake, N. A. Holanda, N. Lugaro, M. Cseh, B. Junqueira, S. Pereira, C. B. |
| contents | Barium (Ba) stars belong to binary systems that underwent mass transfer events. As a consequence, their envelopes were enriched with material synthesized in the interiors of their evolved companions via \textit{slow} neutron-capture nucleosynthesis, the $s$-process. As post-interacting binaries, Ba stars figure as powerful tracers of the $s$-process. In this study, we conduct a classical local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis for a sample of 180 Ba giant stars to find complementary insights for the $s$-process, in form of elemental abundances of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, as well as the $^{12}\rm{C}/^{13}\rm{C}$ ratio. We found carbon abundances systematically larger than those observed in normal giants, with [C/Fe] ratios ranging within from $-0.30$ to $+0.60$~dex. As expected, the [C/Fe] ratios increase for lower metallicity regimes and are strongly correlated with the average $s$-process abundances. Nitrogen abundances have a flat behavior around $\rm{[N/Fe]}\sim+0.50$~dex and are moderately correlated with sodium abundances. Except for HD~107541, the entire sample shows $\rm{C/O}<1$. We found $^{12}\rm{C}/^{13}\rm{C}<20$ for $\sim80\%$ of the sampled stars and $^{12}\rm{C}/^{13}\rm{C}>60$ for three objects. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_02441 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Exploring giant barium stars: $^{12}\rm{C}/^{13}\rm{C}$ ratio and elemental abundances of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen Roriz, M. P. Drake, N. A. Holanda, N. Lugaro, M. Cseh, B. Junqueira, S. Pereira, C. B. Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies Barium (Ba) stars belong to binary systems that underwent mass transfer events. As a consequence, their envelopes were enriched with material synthesized in the interiors of their evolved companions via \textit{slow} neutron-capture nucleosynthesis, the $s$-process. As post-interacting binaries, Ba stars figure as powerful tracers of the $s$-process. In this study, we conduct a classical local thermodynamic equilibrium analysis for a sample of 180 Ba giant stars to find complementary insights for the $s$-process, in form of elemental abundances of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, as well as the $^{12}\rm{C}/^{13}\rm{C}$ ratio. We found carbon abundances systematically larger than those observed in normal giants, with [C/Fe] ratios ranging within from $-0.30$ to $+0.60$~dex. As expected, the [C/Fe] ratios increase for lower metallicity regimes and are strongly correlated with the average $s$-process abundances. Nitrogen abundances have a flat behavior around $\rm{[N/Fe]}\sim+0.50$~dex and are moderately correlated with sodium abundances. Except for HD~107541, the entire sample shows $\rm{C/O}<1$. We found $^{12}\rm{C}/^{13}\rm{C}<20$ for $\sim80\%$ of the sampled stars and $^{12}\rm{C}/^{13}\rm{C}>60$ for three objects. |
| title | Exploring giant barium stars: $^{12}\rm{C}/^{13}\rm{C}$ ratio and elemental abundances of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen |
| topic | Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.02441 |