Wave-particle duality and entanglement in neutrino oscillation
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| author | Banerjee, Rajrupa Swain, Pratidhwani Panigrahi, Prasanta K. Patra, Sudhanwa |
| author_facet | Banerjee, Rajrupa Swain, Pratidhwani Panigrahi, Prasanta K. Patra, Sudhanwa |
| contents | We investigate wave--particle--entanglement complementarity in three-flavor neutrino oscillations within a quantum information--theoretic framework. Treating neutrino flavor evolution as an open quantum system and explicitly accounting for detector--propagation correlations, we extend the conventional wave--particle duality relation to a triality relation involving predictability, visibility, and entanglement. Using reduced density matrices and I-concurrence as a quantitative measure of entanglement, we demonstrate that the total information content of the system satisfies the relation $\mathcal{P}^2 + \mathcal{V}^2 + \mathcal{E}^2 = 1$. While predictability and visibility exhibit the expected complementary behavior, we show that entanglement encodes additional wave-like information that is not captured by visibility alone. We apply our formalism to realistic long-baseline neutrino experiments, namely \textsf{DUNE} and \textsf{T2K}, and find that at the first oscillation maximum, a simultaneous characterization of the particle-like and wave-like nature of neutrinos becomes possible through the combined measurement of predictability and entanglement. Our results provide a unified operational interpretation of neutrino oscillations and highlight the role of quantum correlations in extending wave--particle duality to multipartite systems. |
| format | Preprint |
| id |
arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_03089 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Wave-particle duality and entanglement in neutrino oscillation Banerjee, Rajrupa Swain, Pratidhwani Panigrahi, Prasanta K. Patra, Sudhanwa High Energy Physics - Phenomenology We investigate wave--particle--entanglement complementarity in three-flavor neutrino oscillations within a quantum information--theoretic framework. Treating neutrino flavor evolution as an open quantum system and explicitly accounting for detector--propagation correlations, we extend the conventional wave--particle duality relation to a triality relation involving predictability, visibility, and entanglement. Using reduced density matrices and I-concurrence as a quantitative measure of entanglement, we demonstrate that the total information content of the system satisfies the relation $\mathcal{P}^2 + \mathcal{V}^2 + \mathcal{E}^2 = 1$. While predictability and visibility exhibit the expected complementary behavior, we show that entanglement encodes additional wave-like information that is not captured by visibility alone. We apply our formalism to realistic long-baseline neutrino experiments, namely \textsf{DUNE} and \textsf{T2K}, and find that at the first oscillation maximum, a simultaneous characterization of the particle-like and wave-like nature of neutrinos becomes possible through the combined measurement of predictability and entanglement. Our results provide a unified operational interpretation of neutrino oscillations and highlight the role of quantum correlations in extending wave--particle duality to multipartite systems. |
| title | Wave-particle duality and entanglement in neutrino oscillation |
| topic | High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.03089 |