Forced silo discharge: Simulation and theory
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arXiv
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| Format: | Preprint |
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866915692093112320 |
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| author | Pugnaloni, Luis. A. Madrid, Marcos A. Darias, J. R. |
| author_facet | Pugnaloni, Luis. A. Madrid, Marcos A. Darias, J. R. |
| contents | We study, through discrete element simulations, the discharge of granular materials through a circular orifice on the base of a cylindrical silo forced by a surcharge. At the beginning of the discharge, for a high granular column, the flow rate $Q_{\rm ini}$ scales as in the Beverloo equation for free discharge. However, we find that the flow rate $Q_{\rm end}$ attained at the end of the forced discharge scales as $\sqrt{ρ_b P}D_o^3/D_s$, with $ρ_b$ the bulk density, $P$ the pressure applied by the overweight, $D_o$ the orifice diameter and $D_s$ the silo diameter. We use the work$-$energy theorem to formulate an equation for the flow rate $Q_{\rm end}$ that predicts the scalings only in part. We discuss the new challenges offered by the phenomenology of strongly forced granular flows. |
| format | Preprint |
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arxiv_https___arxiv_org_abs_2509_04368 |
| institution | arXiv |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| record_format | arxiv |
| spellingShingle | Forced silo discharge: Simulation and theory Pugnaloni, Luis. A. Madrid, Marcos A. Darias, J. R. Soft Condensed Matter We study, through discrete element simulations, the discharge of granular materials through a circular orifice on the base of a cylindrical silo forced by a surcharge. At the beginning of the discharge, for a high granular column, the flow rate $Q_{\rm ini}$ scales as in the Beverloo equation for free discharge. However, we find that the flow rate $Q_{\rm end}$ attained at the end of the forced discharge scales as $\sqrt{ρ_b P}D_o^3/D_s$, with $ρ_b$ the bulk density, $P$ the pressure applied by the overweight, $D_o$ the orifice diameter and $D_s$ the silo diameter. We use the work$-$energy theorem to formulate an equation for the flow rate $Q_{\rm end}$ that predicts the scalings only in part. We discuss the new challenges offered by the phenomenology of strongly forced granular flows. |
| title | Forced silo discharge: Simulation and theory |
| topic | Soft Condensed Matter |
| url | https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.04368 |